Forgotten double-J stent with ureteral and bladder calculi formation: A case report

Double-J (DJ) stents are often used in urological procedures, mostly to treat symptoms of ureteral blockage. Long-term stent placement can result in major issues such as hydronephrosis and the production of stones. We describe a 49-year-old female patient with chief complaints of dysuria and right flank pain. The patient had a history of DJ stent insertion 3 years ago. From the kidney–ureter–bladder x-ray we found a DJ stent in the right paravertebral space, with its proximal tip at the level of the second lumbar vertebra, and a ureteral stone and the distal stent tip in the bladder and surrounded by stones. A ureterolithotomy and vesicolithotripsy were performed, as well as a DJ stent extraction. The patient was discharged home on the third postoperative day and was in good condition at the follow-up 10 days after surgery. In conclusion, a DJ stent is a foreign body that can be a place for stone formation, so the installation of DJ stents in patients needs to be considered as well as possible and need close monitoring.