Mitigation of Humidity Interference by Graphene Derivatives for Efficient Temperature Sensors without Encapsulation

Temperature monitoring and regulation are essential in various environments, including modern industry and living and storage spaces. The growing demand for temperature sensors calls for affordable, efficient, interference-resistant, and eco-friendly solutions. The challenge of humidity interference in constructing temperature sensors often leads to compromising on the dynamic sensor properties in particular due to the need for encapsulation. To this end, this study introduces a temperature sensor leveraging a carefully designed graphene derivative to mitigate the humidity interference. The material, synthesize through scalable fluorographene chemistry with benzylamine, is optimized in order to enhance its properties, which led to achieving peak efficiency with a minimal humidity impact. The sensor demonstrated full functionality across a temperature range from 10 to 90 °C, with a temperature coefficient of resistivity 8.63 × 10⁻³ K⁻¹, which is more than twice as high as that of conventional platinum thermometers. Remarkably, the sensor exhibited only a 2% change in resistance when exposed to relative humidity in the range of 20 to 70%. Notably, the sensor continues to give a consistent performance even after six months, which proved its stability. The presented device holds promise for evolving into a fully printed, cost-effective and reliable next-generation temperature sensors.