Enantioseparation of six profenoid drugs by capillary electrophoresis with bovine serum albumin-modified gold nanoparticles as quasi-stationary phases

Profenoid drugs are a kind of common non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and their chiral enantiomers often have huge differences in pharmacological activities. In this work, a novel chiral separation system by capillary electrophoresis (CE) was constructed using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a quasi-stationary phase (QSP), and the enantioseparation of six profenoid drugs was efficiently accomplished. Under optimal chromatographic conditions, the enantioseparation performance of the AuNP@BSA-based chiral separation system was greatly improved compared with that of free BSA (Resolutions, Ibuprofen: 0.89 → 8.15; Ketoprofen: 0 → 10.02; Flurbiprofen:0.56 → 9.83; Indoprofen: 0.88 → 13.83; Fenoprofen: 0 → 15.21; Pyranoprofen: 0.59 → 5.34). Such high Rs are exciting and satisfying and it is in the leading position in the reported papers. Finally, through molecular docking, it was also found that the difference in binding energy between BSA and enantiomers was closely related to the resolutions of CE systems, revealing the chiral selection mechanism of BSA. This work significantly improves the CE chiral separation performance through a simple strategy, providing a simple and efficient idea for the chiral separation method.