在刀耕火种的复杂地貌镶嵌中,原始森林对保护热带鸟类至关重要

IF 4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Landscape Ecology Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI:10.1007/s10980-024-01919-8
Andrea Lucía Martínez-Penados, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, José Carlos Morante-Filho, Eduardo José Pinel-Ramos, Jorge Schondube
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景刀耕火种的农业产生了由不同土地用途组成的景观镶嵌。方法我们评估了两个地方变量(土地利用类型和树木基部面积)和两个景观变量(原始森林覆盖率和与人类的接近程度)对鸟类丰度和多样性的影响,分别评估了森林鸟类和非森林鸟类。由于当森林损失超过一定限度(灭绝阈值)时,物种灭绝的速度可能会加快,因此我们用线性和非线性模型评估了森林损失的影响。结果我们在四种土地利用类型(古老森林、次生林、焚烧地和农田)中记录了 118 个物种的 1867 种鸟类。土地利用类型和周围的原始森林覆盖率比树木基部面积和人烟稀少程度更能预测鸟类的丰度和多样性。农田中森林物种的丰度和多样性最低,但非森林物种的丰度和多样性最高。我们没有发现对灭绝阈值假说的支持。然而,与土地用途无关,原始森林的消失降低了森林物种的多样性,增加了非森林物种的丰度和多样性。我们的研究结果突出表明,在刀耕火种的农业景观中,古老森林在保护鸟类群落方面发挥着关键作用。
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Old-growth forests are critical to safeguard tropical birds in complex landscape mosaics exposed to slash-and-burn agriculture

Context

Slash-and-burn agriculture generates landscape mosaics composed of different land uses. Ecological theory postulates that in these mosaics, the structure of species assemblages depends on both local- and landscape-scale factors, but their relative role remains poorly known.

Objectives

Understanding the relative importance of local and landscape variables for bird assemblages in landscape mosaics of the Mayan tropical forest, Mexico.

Methods

We evaluated the effect of two local variables (land use type and tree basal area) and two landscape variables (old-growth forest cover and human proximity) on bird abundance and diversity, separately assessing forest and non-forest birds. As species extirpation may accelerate when forest loss exceeds certain limits (extinction thresholds), we assessed forest loss effects with linear and nonlinear models.

Results

We recorded 1867 birds from 118 species in four land-use types (old-growth forest, secondary forest, burned lands, and agricultural lands). Land-use type and surrounding old-growth forest cover better predicted bird abundance and diversity than tree basal area and human proximity. Agricultural lands showed the lowest abundance and diversity of forest species, but the highest abundance and diversity of non-forest species. We found no support for the extinction threshold hypothesis. Yet, independently of the land use, old-growth forest loss decreased the diversity of forest species and increased the abundance and diversity of non-forest species. Human proximity also decreased total bird abundance, especially because of the loss of forest species.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the key role played by old-growth forests for preserving bird assemblages in landscape mosaics exposed to slash-and-burn agriculture.

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来源期刊
Landscape Ecology
Landscape Ecology 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
164
审稿时长
8-16 weeks
期刊介绍: Landscape Ecology is the flagship journal of a well-established and rapidly developing interdisciplinary science that focuses explicitly on the ecological understanding of spatial heterogeneity. Landscape Ecology draws together expertise from both biophysical and socioeconomic sciences to explore basic and applied research questions concerning the ecology, conservation, management, design/planning, and sustainability of landscapes as coupled human-environment systems. Landscape ecology studies are characterized by spatially explicit methods in which spatial attributes and arrangements of landscape elements are directly analyzed and related to ecological processes.
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