Effect of ultra-fine ground whole grain highland barley substitution on wheat dough properties and bread qualities

Background and Objective

There is a growing interest in incorporating whole grain highland barley (HB) to wheat bread for improving nutrients and potential health benefits. However, the qualities and sensory properties of whole grain-based bread were reduced compared to refined wheat-based bread due to the strong water absorption and large particle size of dietary fiber in whole grain. Therefore, ultra-fine ground whole grain HB partially substituted 5%–40% wheat flour to make bread, and the relevant dough properties and bread qualities were studied.

Findings

The increased addition of ultra-fine ground whole grain HB from 5% to 40% to wheat increased dough development time, whereas, decreased dough stability time, elasticity, pH, G′ modulus, and G″ modulus. The increased substitution of ultra-fine ground whole grain HB to wheat further reduced the specific volume, cohesiveness, elasticity, and resilience of bread, whereas, increased the hardness, adhesiveness, and chewiness of bread.

Conclusions

The partial substitution of wheat with ultra-fine ground whole grain HB from 5% to 40% wheat significantly affected wheat-HB dough properties and resultant bread qualities mainly due to weakened gluten networking.

Significance and Novelty

The 5%–10% substitution of wheat by ultra-fine ground whole grain HB showed the optimum dough properties and bread qualities compared to other treatments, which substituted 20%–40% wheat flour.