Tamires Maiara Ercole, João Bosco Vasconcellos Gomes, Valdécio dos Santos Rodrigues, Nicolas dos Santos Trentin, Jairo Calderari de Oliveira Junior, Gabriel Assis-Pereira, Mario Tomazello-Filho, Amanda Pacheco Cardoso Moura, Shizuo Maeda, Stephen Arthur Prior, Rangel Consalter, Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta
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A VARI map was used to delineate the area into four classes: Very Low, Low, Medium, and High. In each class, tree growth was evaluated, and samples of tree tissue (needles, trunk cross sections, and fine roots), litter, and soil were collected for evaluation. There were no differences in soil classification and fertility between classes for this acidic low fertility soil. However, compared to the lower VARI classes (Low and Very Low), tree wood volume (without bark) of the High class was 0.20 m<sup>3</sup> higher per tree. Higher VARI classes showed greater concentrations of Ca and Mg in needles, bark, and fine roots. The High class also showed higher concentrations of Ca and Mg in litter, but with less litter accumulation. Therefore, VARI efficiently captured tree growth heterogeneity with a direct relationship noted between VARI and tree growth (height, DBH, volume, and trunk mass). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在商业化的欧洲赤松林中,针叶枯萎病在生长缓慢的地区愈演愈烈。本研究旨在验证可见抗大气指数(VARI)是否捕捉到了欧洲赤松生长发育的异质性,并确定哪些特定因素与枯萎症状的发生有关。我们评估了一个 14 年树龄的重新造林的泰达松林地,该林地已经历了两次疏伐;研究区域占地 18.42 公顷,土壤来源于酸性火成岩母质。使用 VARI 地图将该区域划分为四个等级:极低、低、中和高。在每个等级中,都对树木的生长情况进行了评估,并采集了树木组织(针叶、树干横截面和细根)、枯枝落叶和土壤样本进行评估。在这种酸性低肥力土壤中,不同等级的土壤分类和肥力没有差异。然而,与较低的 VARI 等级(低和极低)相比,高等级每棵树的木材体积(不含树皮)高出 0.20 立方米。VARI 等级越高,针叶、树皮和细根中的钙和镁浓度越高。高分段树木的枯落物中钙和镁的含量也较高,但枯落物的积累较少。因此,VARI 能有效捕捉树木生长的异质性,VARI 与树木生长(高度、DBH、体积和树干质量)之间存在直接关系。此外,针尖的萎黄病症状(变黄)和树冠脱落更有可能表明缺镁,这可能会导致树木发育不良。
VARI as an indicator of site productivity of Pinus taeda L.: soil, litter, and plant nutrition
In commercial Pinus taeda stands, the appearance of needle chlorosis has intensified in slow growth areas. This study aimed to verify if Visible Atmospherically Resistant Index (VARI) captures heterogeneity of Pinus taeda development and to determine what specific factors are associated with occurrence of chlorotic symptoms. We evaluated a 14 year-old reforested P. taeda stand that had already undergone two thinnings; the study area encompassed 18.42 ha on soil derived from acidic igneous parent material. A VARI map was used to delineate the area into four classes: Very Low, Low, Medium, and High. In each class, tree growth was evaluated, and samples of tree tissue (needles, trunk cross sections, and fine roots), litter, and soil were collected for evaluation. There were no differences in soil classification and fertility between classes for this acidic low fertility soil. However, compared to the lower VARI classes (Low and Very Low), tree wood volume (without bark) of the High class was 0.20 m3 higher per tree. Higher VARI classes showed greater concentrations of Ca and Mg in needles, bark, and fine roots. The High class also showed higher concentrations of Ca and Mg in litter, but with less litter accumulation. Therefore, VARI efficiently captured tree growth heterogeneity with a direct relationship noted between VARI and tree growth (height, DBH, volume, and trunk mass). In addition, chlorosis symptoms (yellowing) at needle tips and tree crown loss were more likely indicative of Mg deficiency, which probably caused reduced tree development.
期刊介绍:
The European Journal of Forest Research focuses on publishing innovative results of empirical or model-oriented studies which contribute to the development of broad principles underlying forest ecosystems, their functions and services.
Papers which exclusively report methods, models, techniques or case studies are beyond the scope of the journal, while papers on studies at the molecular or cellular level will be considered where they address the relevance of their results to the understanding of ecosystem structure and function. Papers relating to forest operations and forest engineering will be considered if they are tailored within a forest ecosystem context.