用于功能阐释和生物医学应用的细胞外囊泡的物理特性:综述

IF 2.7 4区 材料科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL Particle & Particle Systems Characterization Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI:10.1002/ppsc.202400024
Emma J. Morris, Harleen Kaur, Garima Dobhal, Shiana Malhotra, Zeineb Ayed, Anna L. Carpenter, Renee V. Goreham
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引用次数: 0

摘要

细胞外囊泡是新型生物医学应用的理想候选物质,因为所有生物都会分泌这种物质。尽管细胞外囊泡早在 1971 年就被发现,但由于其复杂的性质和纳米级的尺寸,人们对它们的了解仍处于起步阶段,这使得表征具有挑战性。自 2007 年以来,细胞外囊泡含有多种多样的蛋白质,这使它们在确定疾病特异性生物标志物和推动研究方面具有重要价值。然而,鉴定这些生物标记物仍然困难重重、费用高昂。细胞外囊泡技术的进步,包括单个细胞外囊泡的表征,为疾病诊断和个性化医疗带来了希望。值得注意的是,细胞外囊泡的生物力学特性已成为一种潜在的诊断工具。然而,由于对生物力学特性的了解有限以及缺乏标准化的方案,很少有人研究生物力学特性来诊断疾病。最近,利用原子力显微镜和微吸管抽吸等各种技术取得了重大进展。本综述探讨了生物力学分析的最新进展,展示了细胞外囊泡促进疾病诊断的新途径,并概述了未来的研究方向。
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The Physical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles for Function Elucidation and Biomedical Applications: A Review
Extracellular vesicles are promising candidates for novel biomedical applications due to their universal secretion by all organisms. Despite their discovery in 1971, understanding of extracellular vesicles remains in its infancy due to their complex nature and nanoscale dimensions, which make characterization challenging. Extracellular vesicles contain a diverse array of proteins, making them valuable for identifying disease‐specific biomarkers and driving research since 2007. However, identifying these biomarkers remains difficult and expensive. Advancements in extracellular vesicle techniques, including single extracellular vesicle characterization, hold promise for disease diagnosis and personalized medicine. Notably, the biomechanical properties of extracellular vesicles have emerged as a potential diagnosis tool. However, biomechanical characterization has rarely been investigated for disease diagnosis due to limited understanding and a lack of standardized protocols. Recently, significant advancements have been made using various techniques such as atomic force microscopy and micropipette aspiration. This review explores recent developments in biomechanical analysis, demonstrating novel disease diagnostic pathways facilitated by extracellular vesicles and outlining future research directions.
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来源期刊
Particle & Particle Systems Characterization
Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 工程技术-材料科学:表征与测试
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
114
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: Particle & Particle Systems Characterization is an international, peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary journal focusing on all aspects of particle research. The journal joined the Advanced Materials family of journals in 2013. Particle has an impact factor of 4.194 (2018 Journal Impact Factor, Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2019)). Topics covered include the synthesis, characterization, and application of particles in a variety of systems and devices. Particle covers nanotubes, fullerenes, micelles and alloy clusters, organic and inorganic materials, polymers, quantum dots, 2D materials, proteins, and other molecular biological systems. Particle Systems include those in biomedicine, catalysis, energy-storage materials, environmental science, micro/nano-electromechanical systems, micro/nano-fluidics, molecular electronics, photonics, sensing, and others. Characterization methods include microscopy, spectroscopy, electrochemical, diffraction, magnetic, and scattering techniques.
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