Namrata W. N, Neethu Joseph, Nikita Varghese, Meera Varghese, Sreehari K. S, Francis Joy, Yamuna Nair, Manoj B
Carbon dots (CDs), which belong to the class of zero‐dimensional carbon‐based nanomaterials, have garnered significant interest owing to their wide array of applications spanning from the electronics industry to the healthcare sector. This work employs a facile, inexpensive approach to synthesize green luminescent carbon dots (J‐10) from a potential medicinal plant named Justicia Wynaadensis by the one‐step hydrothermal method. A nanocomposite (JT‐10) of the CDs is prepared by adding TiO2 nanoparticles derived from green synthesis of Lavandula leaves. The J‐10 and JT‐10 are further characterized by X‐ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman analysis X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared techniques (FTIR), UV–vis spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL), and Fluorescence or PL lifetime analysis. The average size of synthesized CDs is 1.85 nm and exhibits an excitation‐dependent fluorescence nature at 320 nm. PL lifetime analysis of J‐10 and JT‐10 is calculated to be 5.80 and 2.84 ns respectively. Offering these unique optical properties and biocompatibility, the synthesised material is suitable for investigating their binding affinity and interaction mechanisms with DNA. The use of JT‐10 in DNA binding studies contributes to the development of sustainable and efficient nanomaterials for applications in biosensors, drug delivery, and gene therapy.
碳点（CD）属于零维碳基纳米材料，由于其广泛的应用领域，从电子工业到医疗保健领域，碳点已引起人们的极大兴趣。本研究采用一种简便、廉价的方法，通过一步水热法从一种名为 Justicia Wynaadensis 的潜在药用植物中合成绿色发光碳点（J-10）。通过加入从绿色合成薰衣草叶中提取的 TiO2 纳米粒子，制备出 CD 的纳米复合材料（JT-10）。通过 X 射线衍射光谱（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、拉曼分析、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）、傅立叶变换红外技术（FTIR）、紫外-可见光谱、光致发光（PL）、荧光或 PL 寿命分析对 J-10 和 JT-10 进行了进一步表征。合成光盘的平均尺寸为 1.85 nm，在 320 nm 处显示出与激发相关的荧光性质。根据计算，J-10 和 JT-10 的 PL 寿命分别为 5.80 和 2.84 ns。合成的材料具有这些独特的光学特性和生物相容性，适合研究它们与 DNA 的结合亲和力和相互作用机制。在 DNA 结合研究中使用 JT-10 有助于开发可持续的高效纳米材料，应用于生物传感器、药物输送和基因治疗。
{"title":"Titania Doped CDs as Effective CT‐DNA Binders: A Novel Fluorescent Probe via Green Synthesis","authors":"Namrata W. N, Neethu Joseph, Nikita Varghese, Meera Varghese, Sreehari K. S, Francis Joy, Yamuna Nair, Manoj B","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400127","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon dots (CDs), which belong to the class of zero‐dimensional carbon‐based nanomaterials, have garnered significant interest owing to their wide array of applications spanning from the electronics industry to the healthcare sector. This work employs a facile, inexpensive approach to synthesize green luminescent carbon dots (J‐10) from a potential medicinal plant named <jats:italic>Justicia Wynaadensis</jats:italic> by the one‐step hydrothermal method. A nanocomposite (JT‐10) of the CDs is prepared by adding TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanoparticles derived from green synthesis of <jats:italic>Lavandula</jats:italic> leaves. The J‐10 and JT‐10 are further characterized by X‐ray Diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Raman analysis X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared techniques (FTIR), UV–vis spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL), and Fluorescence or PL lifetime analysis. The average size of synthesized CDs is 1.85 nm and exhibits an excitation‐dependent fluorescence nature at 320 nm. PL lifetime analysis of J‐10 and JT‐10 is calculated to be 5.80 and 2.84 ns respectively. Offering these unique optical properties and biocompatibility, the synthesised material is suitable for investigating their binding affinity and interaction mechanisms with DNA. The use of JT‐10 in DNA binding studies contributes to the development of sustainable and efficient nanomaterials for applications in biosensors, drug delivery, and gene therapy.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colloidal polymers, and in particular aqueous polymer dispersions, are widely used in commercial applications such as coatings and adhesives. Historically, the solvent resistance and mechanical properties of these systems have been improved by covalently crosslinking the polymer chains after drying. More recently, work has been directed toward replacing this covalent crosslinking, which typically involves highly reactive functional groups, by physical crosslinking through the use of supramolecular interactions. While conceptually similar to the use of covalent crosslinking, physical crosslinking has a unique influence on the rheology of the polymer, which leads to substantial differences in the development of mechanical strength during drying, as well as the mechanical properties of the final polymer film. In this perspective, the advantages and challenges of this approach are outlined, and an outlook for future research in this direction is provided.
{"title":"Physical Crosslinking of Aqueous Polymer Dispersions: A Perspective","authors":"Nicholas Ballard, Nerea Jimenez, José M. Asua","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400103","url":null,"abstract":"Colloidal polymers, and in particular aqueous polymer dispersions, are widely used in commercial applications such as coatings and adhesives. Historically, the solvent resistance and mechanical properties of these systems have been improved by covalently crosslinking the polymer chains after drying. More recently, work has been directed toward replacing this covalent crosslinking, which typically involves highly reactive functional groups, by physical crosslinking through the use of supramolecular interactions. While conceptually similar to the use of covalent crosslinking, physical crosslinking has a unique influence on the rheology of the polymer, which leads to substantial differences in the development of mechanical strength during drying, as well as the mechanical properties of the final polymer film. In this perspective, the advantages and challenges of this approach are outlined, and an outlook for future research in this direction is provided.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanfang Niu, Zhenzhu He, Sen Li, Yi Zeng, Junning Zhang, Keliang Liu, Xin Du, Zhongze Gu
Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) stand out owing to conspicuous catalytic activity, optical and electromagnetic properties, with applications ranging from photocatalysis to biosensor and photoelectric devices. Although photocatalysis with TiO2 has emerged as a promising technique for preparing MNPs, the low photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 limits its practical utilization. Herein, a rapid photoreduction approach is presented to prepare MNPs under UV and visible light based on polydopamine (PDA)/TiO2 composite surface. It found that the PDA‐modified TiO2 substrate can greatly enhance the photocatalytic efficiency and stability of MNPs, leading to rapid and highly‐controllable preparation of MNPs. By this method, various Ag, Au, and Pd patterns with controllable metallization degree can be easily fabricated. In addition, the substrate can be effectively recycled through rapid photobleaching. This method will have a promising future in the preparation of MNPs for various applications.
{"title":"Fast In Situ Metal Deposition and Removal Under UV and Visible Light Using Polydopamine/TiO2 Composite Surface","authors":"Yanfang Niu, Zhenzhu He, Sen Li, Yi Zeng, Junning Zhang, Keliang Liu, Xin Du, Zhongze Gu","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400102","url":null,"abstract":"Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) stand out owing to conspicuous catalytic activity, optical and electromagnetic properties, with applications ranging from photocatalysis to biosensor and photoelectric devices. Although photocatalysis with TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> has emerged as a promising technique for preparing MNPs, the low photocatalytic efficiency of TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> limits its practical utilization. Herein, a rapid photoreduction approach is presented to prepare MNPs under UV and visible light based on polydopamine (PDA)/TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> composite surface. It found that the PDA‐modified TiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> substrate can greatly enhance the photocatalytic efficiency and stability of MNPs, leading to rapid and highly‐controllable preparation of MNPs. By this method, various Ag, Au, and Pd patterns with controllable metallization degree can be easily fabricated. In addition, the substrate can be effectively recycled through rapid photobleaching. This method will have a promising future in the preparation of MNPs for various applications.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thiago. E. P. Alves, Thatielly F. Almeida, Adolfo Franco, Clemens Burda
Cobalt ferrite–silica–gold nanocomposite (CoFe2O4@SiO2@Au) is synthesized using a new method involving: i) the polyol method for cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe2O4), ii) the Stober method for silica coating, iii) surface functionalization with 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), and iv) decoration with gold nanoparticles via tetrakis hydroxy‐methyl‐phosphonium (THPC) reduction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the morphology of the nanoparticles and coatings for the nanocomposites. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectra exhibit plasmon resonance peaks with tuned shifts, discuss in terms of the difference in dielectric permittivity in the core where gold nanoparticles are anchored. Magnetic hysteresis analysis reveals superparamagnetic behavior with reduced saturation magnetization for the nanocomposites. These findings are useful, as superparamagnetic behavior combined with control of plasmonic emission is highly relevant for several magneto‐plasmonic applications.
{"title":"Cobalt Ferrite–Silica–Gold Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Magneto‐Plasmonic Properties","authors":"Thiago. E. P. Alves, Thatielly F. Almeida, Adolfo Franco, Clemens Burda","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400170","url":null,"abstract":"Cobalt ferrite–silica–gold nanocomposite (CoFe<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>@SiO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>@Au) is synthesized using a new method involving: i) the polyol method for cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CoFe<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>), ii) the Stober method for silica coating, iii) surface functionalization with 3‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), and iv) decoration with gold nanoparticles via tetrakis hydroxy‐methyl‐phosphonium (THPC) reduction. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirm the morphology of the nanoparticles and coatings for the nanocomposites. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectra exhibit plasmon resonance peaks with tuned shifts, discuss in terms of the difference in dielectric permittivity in the core where gold nanoparticles are anchored. Magnetic hysteresis analysis reveals superparamagnetic behavior with reduced saturation magnetization for the nanocomposites. These findings are useful, as superparamagnetic behavior combined with control of plasmonic emission is highly relevant for several magneto‐plasmonic applications.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Renero‐Lecuna, Krishna R. Pulagam, Kepa B. Uribe, Paula Vázquez‐Aristizabal, Vanessa Gómez‐Vallejo, Luis M. Liz‐Marzán, Jordi Llop, Malou Henriksen‐Lacey
Photothermal anticancer therapy based on plasmonic nanoparticles is proposed to enhance treatment efficacy while mitigating unintended side effects. However, most studies blindly rely on the accumulation of nanoparticles at the tumor site, which may result in inefficient treatment. In this study, the aim is to evaluate relevant parameters to improve plasmonic photothermal therapy. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) with an optimized aspect ratio and either amino or carboxylic acid surface functionalization are selected as photothermal agents. AuNR biocompatibility and photothermal activity in 2D and 3D human MDA‐MB‐231 triple‐negative breast cancer cell models, evaluating localized hyperthermal cell death upon irradiation with resonant near‐infrared (NIR) light, are analyzed first. To ensure reliable tracking of biodistribution in vivo, AuNRs are labeled with the positron emitter copper‐64 (64Cu), and their distribution in a murine MDA‐MB‐231 tumor model is studied via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. PET images reveal enhanced tumor accumulation of carboxylic acid‐functionalized AuNRs compared to amino‐functionalized AuNRs post‐intravenous administration. Relatively low NIR laser power densities (0.5 W cm−2) are used for controlled heating – keeping local temperature below 50 °C – upon irradiation of intravenously and intratumorally administered AuNRs. As a result, tumor growth is significantly decelerated, even 9 days after application of photothermal therapy.
{"title":"Positron Emission Tomography‐Assisted Photothermal Therapy with Gold Nanorods","authors":"Carlos Renero‐Lecuna, Krishna R. Pulagam, Kepa B. Uribe, Paula Vázquez‐Aristizabal, Vanessa Gómez‐Vallejo, Luis M. Liz‐Marzán, Jordi Llop, Malou Henriksen‐Lacey","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400185","url":null,"abstract":"Photothermal anticancer therapy based on plasmonic nanoparticles is proposed to enhance treatment efficacy while mitigating unintended side effects. However, most studies blindly rely on the accumulation of nanoparticles at the tumor site, which may result in inefficient treatment. In this study, the aim is to evaluate relevant parameters to improve plasmonic photothermal therapy. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) with an optimized aspect ratio and either amino or carboxylic acid surface functionalization are selected as photothermal agents. AuNR biocompatibility and photothermal activity in 2D and 3D human MDA‐MB‐231 triple‐negative breast cancer cell models, evaluating localized hyperthermal cell death upon irradiation with resonant near‐infrared (NIR) light, are analyzed first. To ensure reliable tracking of biodistribution in vivo, AuNRs are labeled with the positron emitter copper‐64 (<jats:sup>64</jats:sup>Cu), and their distribution in a murine MDA‐MB‐231 tumor model is studied via positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. PET images reveal enhanced tumor accumulation of carboxylic acid‐functionalized AuNRs compared to amino‐functionalized AuNRs post‐intravenous administration. Relatively low NIR laser power densities (0.5 W cm<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>) are used for controlled heating – keeping local temperature below 50 °C – upon irradiation of intravenously and intratumorally administered AuNRs. As a result, tumor growth is significantly decelerated, even 9 days after application of photothermal therapy.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ulrich J. Bahnmüller, Yaşar Krysiak, Tobias Seewald, Yenal Yalçinkaya, Denis Pluta, Lukas Schmidt‐Mende, Stefan A. L. Weber, Sebastian Polarz
Hybrid Perovskite materials have gone through an astonishing development due to their unique optoelectronic behavior, leading to the creation of a wide range of synthetic strategies. As the materials’ surface is found to play a crucial role with respect to the properties, e.g. hydration, stability and carrier mobilities, considerable efforts have been made to optimize the surface through various approaches. Especially the passivation of the perovskite surface attracted a lot of attention in this field, often resulting in more complex, multi‐step synthetic processes. In this study, a simple one‐step aerosol‐assisted synthetic approach is presented to obtain thiocyanate (SCN) passivated single‐crystal MAPbBr3 microcrystals. To elucidate the role of the additive in the crystallization process, mixed (pseudo‐)halide precursors are systematically investigated. The as processed, passivated microcrystals exhibit enhanced stability and charge carrier lifetimes. Additionally, a decrease in surface photovoltage, attributed to the presence of the SCN additive, is observed. Furthermore, the aerosol process is further developed resulting in a novel binary system containing MAPbBr3‐SCN perovskite microcrystals and Au nanostructures. This system serves as a promising model for further investigations into potential interactions between plasmonic and semiconducting materials, with initial results indicating prolonged charge carrier lifetimes.
{"title":"One‐Step Aerosol Synthesis of Thiocyanate Passivated Hybrid Perovskite Microcrystals: Impact of (Pseudo‐)Halide Additives on Crystallization and Access to a Novel Binary Model","authors":"Ulrich J. Bahnmüller, Yaşar Krysiak, Tobias Seewald, Yenal Yalçinkaya, Denis Pluta, Lukas Schmidt‐Mende, Stefan A. L. Weber, Sebastian Polarz","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400132","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid Perovskite materials have gone through an astonishing development due to their unique optoelectronic behavior, leading to the creation of a wide range of synthetic strategies. As the materials’ surface is found to play a crucial role with respect to the properties, e.g. hydration, stability and carrier mobilities, considerable efforts have been made to optimize the surface through various approaches. Especially the passivation of the perovskite surface attracted a lot of attention in this field, often resulting in more complex, multi‐step synthetic processes. In this study, a simple one‐step aerosol‐assisted synthetic approach is presented to obtain thiocyanate (SCN) passivated single‐crystal MAPbBr<jats:sub>3</jats:sub> microcrystals. To elucidate the role of the additive in the crystallization process, mixed (pseudo‐)halide precursors are systematically investigated. The as processed, passivated microcrystals exhibit enhanced stability and charge carrier lifetimes. Additionally, a decrease in surface photovoltage, attributed to the presence of the SCN additive, is observed. Furthermore, the aerosol process is further developed resulting in a novel binary system containing MAPbBr<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>‐SCN perovskite microcrystals and Au nanostructures. This system serves as a promising model for further investigations into potential interactions between plasmonic and semiconducting materials, with initial results indicating prolonged charge carrier lifetimes.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Near‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) draw a lot of attention due to various fields of their potential application, such as bio‐imaging, photovoltaics, photodetectors, light‐emitting diodes, and optical amplifiers for telecommunication. Since they typically suffer from the partial loss of their fluorescence in a solid state, strategies to increase their quantum yields are of outstanding importance. One of the means to improve it is their coupling with structures exhibiting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). As demonstrated for the visible range of light, plasmon‐exciton interactions can enhance the photoluminescence (PL) of CdSe and CdTe NCs. In this work, the influence of the electromagnetic field of plasmonic silver NCs on the PL of CdxHg1–xTe NCs in the NIR region with a special emphasis on tuning the distance between these particle species is studied. In a series of samples prepared by a layer‐by‐layer deposition through polyelectrolytes, a 1.4‐fold PL enhancement at a distance of 9–11 nm between the two layers is observed, while at any other separation emission quenching is a dominating effect. These findings corroborate well with theoretical predictions of an emission increase at these specific distances and can be applied to other types of plasmonic and emitting materials.
{"title":"Plasmon‐Enhanced Fluorescence of NIR‐Emitting CdxHg1‐xTe Quantum Dots by Ag Nanoprisms","authors":"Helena Decker, Nadia Metzkow, Vladimir Lesnyak","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400120","url":null,"abstract":"Near‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) draw a lot of attention due to various fields of their potential application, such as bio‐imaging, photovoltaics, photodetectors, light‐emitting diodes, and optical amplifiers for telecommunication. Since they typically suffer from the partial loss of their fluorescence in a solid state, strategies to increase their quantum yields are of outstanding importance. One of the means to improve it is their coupling with structures exhibiting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). As demonstrated for the visible range of light, plasmon‐exciton interactions can enhance the photoluminescence (PL) of CdSe and CdTe NCs. In this work, the influence of the electromagnetic field of plasmonic silver NCs on the PL of Cd<jats:sub>x</jats:sub>Hg<jats:sub>1–x</jats:sub>Te NCs in the NIR region with a special emphasis on tuning the distance between these particle species is studied. In a series of samples prepared by a layer‐by‐layer deposition through polyelectrolytes, a 1.4‐fold PL enhancement at a distance of 9–11 nm between the two layers is observed, while at any other separation emission quenching is a dominating effect. These findings corroborate well with theoretical predictions of an emission increase at these specific distances and can be applied to other types of plasmonic and emitting materials.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A major challenge for modern society is securing quality water for various uses. Membrane water treatment will be crucial for drinking water, desalination, and wastewater reuse. The development of bismuth molybdate (Bi2MoO6) nanoparticles has enabled the production of novel Bi2MoO6‐incorporated cellulose acetate (CA) membrane nanocomposite. The synthesized Bi2MoO6/CA nanocomposites are thoroughly examined for their structural, morphological, and photocatalytic characteristics using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The photocatalytic properties are determined by evaluating the degradation of Malachite Green (MG) and Rose Bengal (RB) by the nanocomposite membranes under the illumination of a UV light simulator. Notably, the Bi2MoO6/CA nanocomposite membrane displays exceptional and sustained photocatalytic efficiency (78%) and (84%) in MG and RB dye degradation, respectively. Moreover, the effective loading of the Bi2MoO6 onto the CA membrane enhances electron and hole adsorption while facilitating carrier movement. Furthermore, the stability exhibited by the Bi2MoO6/CA nanocomposite photocatalysts remains impressive even after multiple cycles, demonstrating their durability. This research introduces a cutting‐edge semiconductor‐based hybrid nanocomposite material that proves highly efficient in the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes, showcasing promising advancements in environmental remediation strategies.
现代社会面临的一个重大挑战是确保各种用途的优质水。膜水处理对于饮用水、海水淡化和废水回用至关重要。钼酸铋（Bi2MoO6）纳米粒子的开发使新型 Bi2MoO6 嵌入醋酸纤维素（CA）膜纳米复合材料的生产成为可能。利用 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 以及能量色散 X 射线能谱 (EDX) 分析，对合成的 Bi2MoO6/CA 纳米复合材料的结构、形态和光催化特性进行了深入研究。通过评估纳米复合膜在紫外光模拟器照射下对孔雀石绿（MG）和玫瑰红（RB）的降解情况，确定了纳米复合膜的光催化性能。值得注意的是，Bi2MoO6/CA 纳米复合膜在降解孔雀石绿和玫瑰红染料方面分别表现出了卓越而持久的光催化效率（78%）和（84%）。此外，Bi2MoO6 在 CA 膜上的有效负载增强了对电子和空穴的吸附，同时促进了载流子的移动。此外，即使经过多次循环，Bi2MoO6/CA 纳米复合光催化剂表现出的稳定性仍然令人印象深刻，这证明了它们的耐久性。这项研究介绍了一种基于半导体的尖端混合纳米复合材料，该材料在光催化降解有机染料方面被证明具有很高的效率，在环境修复策略方面展示了广阔的发展前景。
{"title":"Sustainable Wastewater Treatment with Bi2MoO6/Cellulose Acetate Photocatalytic Membranes","authors":"Velusamy Sasikala, Sakarapani Sarala, Palani Karthik, Prakash Natarajan, Azhagurajan Mukkannan","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400137","url":null,"abstract":"A major challenge for modern society is securing quality water for various uses. Membrane water treatment will be crucial for drinking water, desalination, and wastewater reuse. The development of bismuth molybdate (Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>) nanoparticles has enabled the production of novel Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>‐incorporated cellulose acetate (CA) membrane nanocomposite. The synthesized Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>/CA nanocomposites are thoroughly examined for their structural, morphological, and photocatalytic characteristics using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. The photocatalytic properties are determined by evaluating the degradation of Malachite Green (MG) and Rose Bengal (RB) by the nanocomposite membranes under the illumination of a UV light simulator. Notably, the Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>/CA nanocomposite membrane displays exceptional and sustained photocatalytic efficiency (78%) and (84%) in MG and RB dye degradation, respectively. Moreover, the effective loading of the Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub> onto the CA membrane enhances electron and hole adsorption while facilitating carrier movement. Furthermore, the stability exhibited by the Bi<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>MoO<jats:sub>6</jats:sub>/CA nanocomposite photocatalysts remains impressive even after multiple cycles, demonstrating their durability. This research introduces a cutting‐edge semiconductor‐based hybrid nanocomposite material that proves highly efficient in the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes, showcasing promising advancements in environmental remediation strategies.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Arabia, Eleonora Maretti, Armita Sedighidarijani, Cecilia Rustichelli, Eliana Leo
Drug delivery systems can avoid the drawbacks of Indomethacin (IND), a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug used to treat osteoarthritis and arthritis, which requires high doses to reach therapeutic plasma levels leading to significant systemic side effects. This study aims to optimize poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) for intra‐articular IND administration. MPs are prepared by solvent evaporation and freeze‐dried for stability. Initial formulations with Tween 80 yield rubbery samples with low drug loading (1%); replacement of Tween 80 with Gelatin produces a stable powder with syringable MPs (particles size: 7 µm), although, DL (3%) and EE (30%) remain suboptimal, due to IND polymorphic transformation. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Fourier‐Transform Infrared spectroscopy demonstrate a molecular dispersion of IND in PLGA. Adjusting the aqueous phase to pH 3 in the formulation process, i.e below IND pKa, significantly enhances EE (90%) due to the reduction of drug solubility in the external aqueous phase. In vitro release study shows prolonged IND release over several days, confirming an effective drug encapsulation. This study provides a foundational framework toward the optimization of the successful encapsulation of IND in PLGA MPs, potentially advancing future clinical applications of such drug delivery systems.
吲哚美辛（IND）是一种用于治疗骨关节炎和关节炎的非甾体抗炎药物，需要高剂量才能达到治疗血浆水平，从而导致严重的全身副作用。本研究旨在优化用于关节内给药 IND 的聚（乳酸-共聚-乙醇酸）（PLGA）微颗粒（MPs）。MPs 采用溶剂蒸发法制备，并经冷冻干燥以提高稳定性。最初用吐温 80 配制的样品呈橡胶状，载药量较低（1%）；用明胶替代吐温 80 后，可制成稳定的粉末状可注射 MPs（颗粒大小：7 微米），但由于 IND 的多态性转变，DL（3%）和 EE（30%）仍未达到最佳状态。差示扫描量热法和傅立叶变换红外光谱法证明了 IND 在聚乳酸乙烯-丙烯酸酯（PLGA）中的分子分散性。在制剂过程中将水相的 pH 值调至 3，即低于 IND 的 pKa 值，可显著提高 EE 值（90%），这是因为药物在外部水相中的溶解度降低了。体外释放研究显示，IND 的释放时间延长了数天，证实了药物封装的有效性。这项研究为优化 IND 在 PLGA MPs 中的成功封装提供了一个基础框架，有可能推动这类给药系统在未来的临床应用。
{"title":"Optimizing Formulation Conditions of PLGA Microparticles to Enhance Indomethacin Encapsulation","authors":"Martina Arabia, Eleonora Maretti, Armita Sedighidarijani, Cecilia Rustichelli, Eliana Leo","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400135","url":null,"abstract":"Drug delivery systems can avoid the drawbacks of Indomethacin (IND), a non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug used to treat osteoarthritis and arthritis, which requires high doses to reach therapeutic plasma levels leading to significant systemic side effects. This study aims to optimize poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) for intra‐articular IND administration. MPs are prepared by solvent evaporation and freeze‐dried for stability. Initial formulations with Tween 80 yield rubbery samples with low drug loading (1%); replacement of Tween 80 with Gelatin produces a stable powder with syringable MPs (particles size: 7 µm), although, DL (3%) and EE (30%) remain suboptimal, due to IND polymorphic transformation. Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Fourier‐Transform Infrared spectroscopy demonstrate a molecular dispersion of IND in PLGA. Adjusting the aqueous phase to pH 3 in the formulation process, i.e below IND pKa, significantly enhances EE (90%) due to the reduction of drug solubility in the external aqueous phase. In vitro release study shows prolonged IND release over several days, confirming an effective drug encapsulation. This study provides a foundational framework toward the optimization of the successful encapsulation of IND in PLGA MPs, potentially advancing future clinical applications of such drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, three nanofluids, CuO, SiC, and TiO2, are prepared by a two‐step method, and the factors affecting the stability, thermal conductivity, viscosity and density of the three are analyzed, so as to provide theoretical reference for strengthening heat transfer of the nanofluids. First, the effects of different dispersant addition amounts, magnetic stirring time, and ultrasonic oscillation time on the stability of nanofluids are analyzed in this paper, and finally chose the best solution for preparing three nanofluids. Second, the paper determines the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and density of three kinds of nanofluids and explores the factors affecting their physical properties. The thermal conductivity of the three nanofluids at the highest temperature is 2.9, 3.2, and 1.4 times that of the lowest temperature, respectively. When the temperature increased from 25 to 65 °C, the viscosity of CuO nanofluids decreases the most at different volume concentrations, and the viscosity decreases by 41.3% at 0.6% volume concentration. The density of nanofluids decreases with the increase of temperature and increases with the increase of volume concentration. At 25 °C, the density of SiC nanofluid increases the most with the volume concentration, and its density increases by 0.72%.
{"title":"Experimental Study on Preparation and Physical Properties of Nanofluids","authors":"Yan Liu, Mingda Dong, Zhihao Liu, Huichao Gu","doi":"10.1002/ppsc.202400112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.202400112","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, three nanofluids, CuO, SiC, and TiO2, are prepared by a two‐step method, and the factors affecting the stability, thermal conductivity, viscosity and density of the three are analyzed, so as to provide theoretical reference for strengthening heat transfer of the nanofluids. First, the effects of different dispersant addition amounts, magnetic stirring time, and ultrasonic oscillation time on the stability of nanofluids are analyzed in this paper, and finally chose the best solution for preparing three nanofluids. Second, the paper determines the thermal conductivity, viscosity, and density of three kinds of nanofluids and explores the factors affecting their physical properties. The thermal conductivity of the three nanofluids at the highest temperature is 2.9, 3.2, and 1.4 times that of the lowest temperature, respectively. When the temperature increased from 25 to 65 °C, the viscosity of CuO nanofluids decreases the most at different volume concentrations, and the viscosity decreases by 41.3% at 0.6% volume concentration. The density of nanofluids decreases with the increase of temperature and increases with the increase of volume concentration. At 25 °C, the density of SiC nanofluid increases the most with the volume concentration, and its density increases by 0.72%.","PeriodicalId":19903,"journal":{"name":"Particle & Particle Systems Characterization","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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