Mohammad Y. Araghi, M. H. Parsa, Mostafa Ghane Ezabadi, Reza Roumina, Hamed Mirzadeh, Shuozhi Xu
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The simulation results were then compared with experimental outcomes obtained by metallography and field-emission scanning electron microscopy analyses. Considering the double-well potential can help simulate only two phases, ferrite and cementite, which is less compatible with the experiment results than the triple-well potential, which gives the possibility of simulating a three-phase microstructure, ferrite, cementite, and austenite, and a better match with experimental data. The study revealed that as the cooling rate increases, the interlamellar spacing and layer thickness decrease. Additionally, the difference between experimental and simulation results using triple-well potential was approximately ∼10%. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
本研究探讨了用于管道的高强度低合金 API X60 钢中珠光体相变的微观结构特征。了解珠光体相的形成、相百分比和形态至关重要,因为它会影响所考虑钢材的机械性能。本研究采用相场模型,特别是 Cahn-Hilliard 方法,来模拟珠光体相在不同热处理条件下的形成和形态。为全面研究珠光体的形态,模拟中考虑了双孔和三孔电位。然后将模拟结果与金相学和场发射扫描电子显微镜分析的实验结果进行比较。双孔电位只能模拟铁素体和雪明碳铁两相,与实验结果不符,而三孔电位可以模拟铁素体、雪明碳铁和奥氏体三相微观结构,与实验数据更吻合。研究表明,随着冷却速度的增加,晶间距和晶层厚度都会减小。此外,使用三孔电位的实验结果与模拟结果之间的差异约为∼10%。因此,就珠光体结构的发展情况而言,三重阱电位公式的预测结果与实验结果具有更好的一致性。
Characterizing pearlite transformation in an API X60 pipeline steel through phase-field modeling and experimental validation
This study explores the microstructural characterization of pearlite phase transformation in high-strength low-alloy API X60 steel, which is used in pipelines. Understanding the formation, phase percentages, and morphology of the pearlitic phase is crucial since it affects the mechanical properties of the considered steel. In this research, a phase-field model, particularly the Cahn–Hilliard approach, was used in order to simulate the formation and morphology of the pearlite phase in response to different heat treatments. Both double- and triple-well potentials were considered for comprehensively studying pearlite’s morphology in the simulations. The simulation results were then compared with experimental outcomes obtained by metallography and field-emission scanning electron microscopy analyses. Considering the double-well potential can help simulate only two phases, ferrite and cementite, which is less compatible with the experiment results than the triple-well potential, which gives the possibility of simulating a three-phase microstructure, ferrite, cementite, and austenite, and a better match with experimental data. The study revealed that as the cooling rate increases, the interlamellar spacing and layer thickness decrease. Additionally, the difference between experimental and simulation results using triple-well potential was approximately ∼10%. Therefore, triple-well potential formulation predictions have better agreements with experimental results for the development circumstance of pearlitic structures.
期刊介绍:
Frontiers in Materials is a high visibility journal publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the entire breadth of materials science and engineering. This interdisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers across academia and industry, and the public worldwide.
Founded upon a research community driven approach, this Journal provides a balanced and comprehensive offering of Specialty Sections, each of which has a dedicated Editorial Board of leading experts in the respective field.