Pub Date : 2025-09-23DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2025.1643732
Quan Ling, Ye Tian, Zhongwei Lv, Jinling Chen
Background Infection remains a prevalent complication affecting long-term central venous catheter (CVC) implantation. While nitric oxide (NO) demonstrates dual antibacterial and immunomodulatory potential, the therapeutic application of BNN6—a near-infrared-responsive NO donor—in CVC materials requires systematic validation. This study developed a BNN6-integrated polyurethane-polydopamine (PU-PDA) composite coating for CVCs, assessing its structural stability, biosafety, antimicrobial efficacy, and immunoregulatory capacity. Methods The PU-PDA matrix was engineered to encapsulate BNN6 for controlled release of NO. Material characterization included hemocompatibility profiling (hemolysis/coagulation assays) and antibacterial validation against Gram-positive/negative strains. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated through scratch wound healing, transwell migration, and inflammatory mediator expression assays, with intracellular NO dynamics quantified via fluorescence imaging. Results The composite coating exhibited optimal biocompatibility with negligible hemolytic activity (<2%). Bacterial proliferation was suppressed through NO-mediated metabolic disruption, while inflammatory cell motility demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition. Concurrently, upregulated intracellular NO correlated with reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and endothelial adhesion markers. Conclusion The BNN6-PU-PDA system achieves spatiotemporal NO delivery, effectively attenuating microbial colonization and host inflammatory cascades through modulation of inflammatory mediators. This dual-action mechanism positions the material as a promising strategy for infection-resistant CVC development.
{"title":"Synthetic engineering of central venous catheter based on antibacterial endothelial simulation can effectively antagonize vascular infection and thrombosis","authors":"Quan Ling, Ye Tian, Zhongwei Lv, Jinling Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1643732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1643732","url":null,"abstract":"Background Infection remains a prevalent complication affecting long-term central venous catheter (CVC) implantation. While nitric oxide (NO) demonstrates dual antibacterial and immunomodulatory potential, the therapeutic application of BNN6—a near-infrared-responsive NO donor—in CVC materials requires systematic validation. This study developed a BNN6-integrated polyurethane-polydopamine (PU-PDA) composite coating for CVCs, assessing its structural stability, biosafety, antimicrobial efficacy, and immunoregulatory capacity. Methods The PU-PDA matrix was engineered to encapsulate BNN6 for controlled release of NO. Material characterization included hemocompatibility profiling (hemolysis/coagulation assays) and antibacterial validation against Gram-positive/negative strains. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated through scratch wound healing, transwell migration, and inflammatory mediator expression assays, with intracellular NO dynamics quantified via fluorescence imaging. Results The composite coating exhibited optimal biocompatibility with negligible hemolytic activity (&lt;2%). Bacterial proliferation was suppressed through NO-mediated metabolic disruption, while inflammatory cell motility demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition. Concurrently, upregulated intracellular NO correlated with reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and endothelial adhesion markers. Conclusion The BNN6-PU-PDA system achieves spatiotemporal NO delivery, effectively attenuating microbial colonization and host inflammatory cascades through modulation of inflammatory mediators. This dual-action mechanism positions the material as a promising strategy for infection-resistant CVC development.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333
Liwen Jin, Zhi Cheng, Shuhan Zhang
To overcome the dual bottlenecks of low intrinsic energy density in carbon materials and poor cycling stability of metal oxides, this study proposes a biomimetic hierarchical pore engineering strategy. Bamboo-derived biochar is transformed into a hierarchically porous architecture via synergistically coupled CO₂ physical activation (PHAC) and KOH chemical activation (CHAC), yielding ultra-micropores (0.55 nm, 42%) and mesopores (1.32 nm, 38%) with a micropore/mesopore volume ratio of 0.45. Ultrasonic-assisted impregnation enables uniform anchoring of 5 wt% MnCo₂O₄ spinel, forming strong interfacial C-O-Mn/Co bonds (12.4%) and mixed Mn³⁺/Mn²⁺ (62:38) that synergistically enhance charge transfer. The composite electrode achieves exceptional performance: 1258 F/g at 1 A/g, 80% capacity retention at 10 A/g, and 59.18 Wh/kg at 8.42 kW/kg. Critically, the dual activation eliminates negative pore volume artifacts and accelerates H⁺ transport in PEMFC hierarchical pores, establishing a new paradigm for hybrid energy storage.
{"title":"Spinel-functionalized bamboo-derived hierarchical carbon: dual activation strategy for synergistic double-layer/pseudocapacitance energy conversion","authors":"Liwen Jin, Zhi Cheng, Shuhan Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the dual bottlenecks of low intrinsic energy density in carbon materials and poor cycling stability of metal oxides, this study proposes a biomimetic hierarchical pore engineering strategy. Bamboo-derived biochar is transformed into a hierarchically porous architecture via synergistically coupled CO₂ physical activation (PHAC) and KOH chemical activation (CHAC), yielding ultra-micropores (0.55 nm, 42%) and mesopores (1.32 nm, 38%) with a micropore/mesopore volume ratio of 0.45. Ultrasonic-assisted impregnation enables uniform anchoring of 5 wt% MnCo₂O₄ spinel, forming strong interfacial C-O-Mn/Co bonds (12.4%) and mixed Mn³⁺/Mn²⁺ (62:38) that synergistically enhance charge transfer. The composite electrode achieves exceptional performance: 1258 F/g at 1 A/g, 80% capacity retention at 10 A/g, and 59.18 Wh/kg at 8.42 kW/kg. Critically, the dual activation eliminates negative pore volume artifacts and accelerates H⁺ transport in PEMFC hierarchical pores, establishing a new paradigm for hybrid energy storage.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1589333/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222
Yizhen Li, Xu Tang, Yang Liu, Xiaofeng Chen, Ling Wang, Yali Su, Wei He, Jingjing Li, Qinmiao Huang, Peng Wu
Introduction Two significant barriers to skin wound care are severe inflammatory cascade reactions and microbial infections. The metabolites of probiotics contain various components, such as lactic acid and bacteriocins, which can synergistically maintain skin microecological balance and promote wound healing and tissue regeneration through mechanisms. Methods This study utilized lactic acid bacteria isolated from the whale intestine. Inspired by the concept of the whale’s skin self-repair ability and the influence of gut microbiota on the skin, this study ingeniously utilized the acidic properties of the lactic acid bacteria fermentation broth to dissolve chitosan (CS), forming a hydrogel while simultaneously incorporating the cell-free probiotic metabolites (CFPM) of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HJ-S2 into a stable three-dimensional network structure. Various characterizations were tested, including water content, swelling ability, rheological properties and degradability. Results This resulted in the creation of a medical hydrogel capable of promoting skin wound healing, named PM@CS hydrogel. PM@CS hydrogel exhibited excellent swelling ability in different liquid environment. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydrogel is successfully crosslinked, and thermalgravimetric analysis showed that PM@CS hydrogel was stably degraded under high temperature. PM@CS hydrogel and CFPM of HJ-S2 strongly inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus . The organic acid content of CFPM was analyzed by HPLC, revealing the lactic acid and acetic acid were produced in large quantities as two main organic acid metabolites that may contribute to the antibacterial efficacy. Beyond the outstanding antibacterial ability, application of PM@CS hydrogel led to rapid healing of burn wounds, and diabetic wounds. Discussion The results indicated that the whale-derived probiotics have significant potential for application in treating burns and scalds, particularly in the treatment of diabetic wounds.
{"title":"Advanced wound healing with chitosan hydrogels incorporating metabolites from whale-derived Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HJ-S2","authors":"Yizhen Li, Xu Tang, Yang Liu, Xiaofeng Chen, Ling Wang, Yali Su, Wei He, Jingjing Li, Qinmiao Huang, Peng Wu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Two significant barriers to skin wound care are severe inflammatory cascade reactions and microbial infections. The metabolites of probiotics contain various components, such as lactic acid and bacteriocins, which can synergistically maintain skin microecological balance and promote wound healing and tissue regeneration through mechanisms. Methods This study utilized lactic acid bacteria isolated from the whale intestine. Inspired by the concept of the whale’s skin self-repair ability and the influence of gut microbiota on the skin, this study ingeniously utilized the acidic properties of the lactic acid bacteria fermentation broth to dissolve chitosan (CS), forming a hydrogel while simultaneously incorporating the cell-free probiotic metabolites (CFPM) of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum HJ-S2 into a stable three-dimensional network structure. Various characterizations were tested, including water content, swelling ability, rheological properties and degradability. Results This resulted in the creation of a medical hydrogel capable of promoting skin wound healing, named PM@CS hydrogel. PM@CS hydrogel exhibited excellent swelling ability in different liquid environment. FT-IR analysis showed that the hydrogel is successfully crosslinked, and thermalgravimetric analysis showed that PM@CS hydrogel was stably degraded under high temperature. PM@CS hydrogel and CFPM of HJ-S2 strongly inhibited the growth of E. coli and S. aureus . The organic acid content of CFPM was analyzed by HPLC, revealing the lactic acid and acetic acid were produced in large quantities as two main organic acid metabolites that may contribute to the antibacterial efficacy. Beyond the outstanding antibacterial ability, application of PM@CS hydrogel led to rapid healing of burn wounds, and diabetic wounds. Discussion The results indicated that the whale-derived probiotics have significant potential for application in treating burns and scalds, particularly in the treatment of diabetic wounds.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1573222/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2025-04-08DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2025.1492438
Allison McKenzie Johnson, Charles Froman-Glover, Akshitkumar Mistry, Kavitha Yaddanapudi, Joseph Chen
Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases despite aggressive therapeutics. This is due in part to the evolving tumor microenvironment (TME), which provide tumor supportive cues that promote tumor adaptation and progression. Emerging studies highlight the significant role of the biophysical characteristics in the TME in modulating all aspects of cancer aggressive and spread. With the advance of bioengineering platforms, deeper investigations into the impact of these biophysical features on cancer progression are being conducted with a growing appreciation of the intratumoral compression that underlie many of the biophysical changes. Intratumoral compression emerges early in tumor development and increases in magnitude as the tumor rapidly expands against itself and its surrounding tissue. This stress has effects on both the cancer cells and biophysical aspects of the TME, including hypoxia, shear stress, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and substrate stiffness. This creates a physically dense, pro-malignant environment that can both promote metastatic phenotypes and spread but also present biophysical barriers for immune cell infiltration. This review will analyze the effect of compressive stress on the TME, cancer cells, and on confined migration of cancer and immune populations.
{"title":"The impact of compression and confinement in tumor growth and progression: emerging concepts in cancer mechanobiology.","authors":"Allison McKenzie Johnson, Charles Froman-Glover, Akshitkumar Mistry, Kavitha Yaddanapudi, Joseph Chen","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1492438","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fmats.2025.1492438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases despite aggressive therapeutics. This is due in part to the evolving tumor microenvironment (TME), which provide tumor supportive cues that promote tumor adaptation and progression. Emerging studies highlight the significant role of the biophysical characteristics in the TME in modulating all aspects of cancer aggressive and spread. With the advance of bioengineering platforms, deeper investigations into the impact of these biophysical features on cancer progression are being conducted with a growing appreciation of the intratumoral compression that underlie many of the biophysical changes. Intratumoral compression emerges early in tumor development and increases in magnitude as the tumor rapidly expands against itself and its surrounding tissue. This stress has effects on both the cancer cells and biophysical aspects of the TME, including hypoxia, shear stress, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and substrate stiffness. This creates a physically dense, pro-malignant environment that can both promote metastatic phenotypes and spread but also present biophysical barriers for immune cell infiltration. This review will analyze the effect of compressive stress on the TME, cancer cells, and on confined migration of cancer and immune populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"12 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12588044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145458238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1454935
Siyuan Zhang, Keai Ma, Lijian Wang, Zhemin Zhang, Xiangyu Ye, Jinzhong Zhang, Haihang Li
Thermal protection performance (TPP) is an important index to evaluate the performance of firefighting clothing. The purpose of this work is to build a model to predict the TPP values of fabrics with fewer variables. Two properties of flame-retardant cotton were tested with TPP values under different air gaps, and the correlations between these properties were also analyzed. A combined model was established by integrating multivariate nonlinear regression model and gradient boosting regression tree model. Then the combined model was compared with these two single models. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between gram weight and thickness of fabric and TPP value were 0.833 and 0.837, respectively, indicating a strong correlation. The correlation coefficient between air gap and TPP value was 0.304, indicating a weak correlation. In predicting the thermal protective performance of flame-retardant cotton, this study employed a multivariate nonlinear regression model, a Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT) model, and a combined model. After comparing various evaluation metrics, it was finally decided to adopt the combined model for predicting the thermal protective performance values of flame-retardant cotton. This method improved the prediction accuracy of thermal protective performance, facilitating the promotion and application of the combined model. Furthermore, when exploring the thermal protective performance of flame-retardant cotton, the use of fewer variables to establish the prediction model can not only significantly simplify the complex structure of the model but also greatly enhance the analysis efficiency, ensuring the efficiency and precision of the research process.
{"title":"Prediction of thermal protection performance and empirical study of flame-retardant cotton based on a combined model","authors":"Siyuan Zhang, Keai Ma, Lijian Wang, Zhemin Zhang, Xiangyu Ye, Jinzhong Zhang, Haihang Li","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1454935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1454935","url":null,"abstract":"Thermal protection performance (TPP) is an important index to evaluate the performance of firefighting clothing. The purpose of this work is to build a model to predict the TPP values of fabrics with fewer variables. Two properties of flame-retardant cotton were tested with TPP values under different air gaps, and the correlations between these properties were also analyzed. A combined model was established by integrating multivariate nonlinear regression model and gradient boosting regression tree model. Then the combined model was compared with these two single models. The results showed that the correlation coefficients between gram weight and thickness of fabric and TPP value were 0.833 and 0.837, respectively, indicating a strong correlation. The correlation coefficient between air gap and TPP value was 0.304, indicating a weak correlation. In predicting the thermal protective performance of flame-retardant cotton, this study employed a multivariate nonlinear regression model, a Gradient Boosting Regression Tree (GBRT) model, and a combined model. After comparing various evaluation metrics, it was finally decided to adopt the combined model for predicting the thermal protective performance values of flame-retardant cotton. This method improved the prediction accuracy of thermal protective performance, facilitating the promotion and application of the combined model. Furthermore, when exploring the thermal protective performance of flame-retardant cotton, the use of fewer variables to establish the prediction model can not only significantly simplify the complex structure of the model but also greatly enhance the analysis efficiency, ensuring the efficiency and precision of the research process.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1441812
Bettina Heise, Ivan Zorin, Kristina Duswald, Verena Karl, Dominik Brouczek, Julia Eichelseder, Martin Schwentenwein
IntroductionIn this paper, recent developments in non-destructive testing of 3D-printed ceramics and monitoring of additive manufacturing of ceramics are presented.MethodsIn particular, we present the design and use of an inline mid-infrared optical coherence tomography (MIR-OCT) system to evaluate printed and micro-structured specimens in lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM).ResultsThe proposed system helps with the detection of microdefects (e.g., voids, inclusions, deformations) that are already present in green ceramic components, thereby reducing the energy and costs incurred.DiscussionThe challenges during integration are discussed. Especially, the prospects for MIR-OCT imaging combined with machine learning are illustrated with regard to inline inspection during LCM of printed ceramics.
{"title":"Mid-infrared optical coherence tomography and machine learning for inspection of 3D-printed ceramics at the micron scale","authors":"Bettina Heise, Ivan Zorin, Kristina Duswald, Verena Karl, Dominik Brouczek, Julia Eichelseder, Martin Schwentenwein","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1441812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1441812","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionIn this paper, recent developments in non-destructive testing of 3D-printed ceramics and monitoring of additive manufacturing of ceramics are presented.MethodsIn particular, we present the design and use of an inline mid-infrared optical coherence tomography (MIR-OCT) system to evaluate printed and micro-structured specimens in lithography-based ceramic manufacturing (LCM).ResultsThe proposed system helps with the detection of microdefects (e.g., voids, inclusions, deformations) that are already present in green ceramic components, thereby reducing the energy and costs incurred.DiscussionThe challenges during integration are discussed. Especially, the prospects for MIR-OCT imaging combined with machine learning are illustrated with regard to inline inspection during LCM of printed ceramics.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142254453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1428700
Ahsan Waqar, Muhammad Basit Khan, Taoufik Najeh, Hamad R. Almujibah, Omrane Benjeddou
Construction using eco-friendly materials reduces environmental impact and promotes sustainable practices. This research uses sawdust and steel fibers to design sustainable concrete. The main goal is to improve mechanical properties and reduce embodied carbon emissions. This study examines the mechanical properties of concrete with different sawdust and steel fiber combinations to fill a gap in the literature. In this research synergistic effect of saw dust and steel fiber on concrete characteristics have been studied. The research also examines these pairings’ environmental benefits. This study used a response surface methodology (RSM) to design an experimental program and assess the effects of input variables (sawdust and steel fiber percentages) on output responses like compressive strength (CS), split tensile strength (STS), flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (MOE), embodied carbon (EC), and eco-strength efficiency (ESE). Established testing methodologies and RSM provided an optimum prediction model based on specimen mechanical properties. Sawdust and steel fibers enhances concrete’s mechanical properties. Varying proportions of both materials were added in mix; sawdust (0%–12%) and steel fiber (0%–2%). The experimental findings suggest that the optimized composition achieved the following mechanical properties: 13.85 MPa compressive strength, 1.4 MPa split tensile strength, 3.67 MPa flexural strength, 18.027 GPa modulus of elasticity, 211.272 kg CO2e/m3 embodied carbon, and 0.065487 eco-strength efficiency. This research showed that the aims of improving mechanical properties and reducing embodied carbon were achieved. As per multi-objective optimization, optimal percentages of saw dust and steel fibers in concrete are 11.81% and 0.063% respectively. The investigation yielded many suggestions. To test the optimal blend composition of ecologically friendly concrete in real-world building projects, start with realistic projects. Finally, life cycle evaluations and cost studies are needed to determine the environmental and economic impacts of eco-friendly concrete compared to standard options.
{"title":"Performance-based engineering: formulating sustainable concrete with sawdust and steel fiber for superior mechanical properties","authors":"Ahsan Waqar, Muhammad Basit Khan, Taoufik Najeh, Hamad R. Almujibah, Omrane Benjeddou","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1428700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1428700","url":null,"abstract":"Construction using eco-friendly materials reduces environmental impact and promotes sustainable practices. This research uses sawdust and steel fibers to design sustainable concrete. The main goal is to improve mechanical properties and reduce embodied carbon emissions. This study examines the mechanical properties of concrete with different sawdust and steel fiber combinations to fill a gap in the literature. In this research synergistic effect of saw dust and steel fiber on concrete characteristics have been studied. The research also examines these pairings’ environmental benefits. This study used a response surface methodology (RSM) to design an experimental program and assess the effects of input variables (sawdust and steel fiber percentages) on output responses like compressive strength (CS), split tensile strength (STS), flexural strength (FS), modulus of elasticity (MOE), embodied carbon (EC), and eco-strength efficiency (ESE). Established testing methodologies and RSM provided an optimum prediction model based on specimen mechanical properties. Sawdust and steel fibers enhances concrete’s mechanical properties. Varying proportions of both materials were added in mix; sawdust (0%–12%) and steel fiber (0%–2%). The experimental findings suggest that the optimized composition achieved the following mechanical properties: 13.85 MPa compressive strength, 1.4 MPa split tensile strength, 3.67 MPa flexural strength, 18.027 GPa modulus of elasticity, 211.272 kg CO2e/m3 embodied carbon, and 0.065487 eco-strength efficiency. This research showed that the aims of improving mechanical properties and reducing embodied carbon were achieved. As per multi-objective optimization, optimal percentages of saw dust and steel fibers in concrete are 11.81% and 0.063% respectively. The investigation yielded many suggestions. To test the optimal blend composition of ecologically friendly concrete in real-world building projects, start with realistic projects. Finally, life cycle evaluations and cost studies are needed to determine the environmental and economic impacts of eco-friendly concrete compared to standard options.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A full-scale hybrid beam consisting of a UHPC slab and FRP truss girder was fabricated. The novel side plate FRP joint characterized with improved load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and preferred failure mode along with the tailored shear connector validated in the previous studies of the authors were adopted. Its flexural performance was characterized and compared with that of hybrid beams employing NC or UHPC slab but I-profile girder. The failure of the proposed hybrid beam subjected to bending was pseudo ductile whereas those of the other two hybrid beams were brittle. The load-carrying capacity and stiffness of the proposed hybrid beam outperformed the other two hybrid beams with comparable dimensions and material properties.
{"title":"Flexural behavior of a UHPC slab - FRP truss hybrid beam implementing a novel FRP joint and tailored shear connector","authors":"Jian Zhou, Yu Feng, Xiangzhi Huang, Jingquan Wang, Rui Zhong","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1460387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1460387","url":null,"abstract":"A full-scale hybrid beam consisting of a UHPC slab and FRP truss girder was fabricated. The novel side plate FRP joint characterized with improved load-carrying capacity, stiffness, and preferred failure mode along with the tailored shear connector validated in the previous studies of the authors were adopted. Its flexural performance was characterized and compared with that of hybrid beams employing NC or UHPC slab but I-profile girder. The failure of the proposed hybrid beam subjected to bending was pseudo ductile whereas those of the other two hybrid beams were brittle. The load-carrying capacity and stiffness of the proposed hybrid beam outperformed the other two hybrid beams with comparable dimensions and material properties.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acoustic topological insulators have the excellent characteristic of the pseudospin-dependent one-way transmission of sound edge states immune to backscattering. We realize the broadband acoustic pseudospin topological edge states with subwavelength generalized topological insulators, which is achieved by reverse pseudospin-orbit coupling. The subwavelength band and broadband nontrivial bandgap can be achieved by adjusting the topological structure of the scatterers and introducing resonators. The results demonstrate that the resonator can significantly reduce the frequencies of p-states and d-states by introducing resonance scattering; the scattering size and rotation angles change the frequencies of p-states and d-states in opposite directions by adjusting the distribution of the sound field. Then, we experimentally realize the pseudospin-dependent one-way transmission of sound edge states along the interface separating phononic crystals with distinct topological phases. Our research provides a systematic scheme for the design of acoustic topological insulators with versatile applications.
{"title":"Broadband acoustic pseudospin topological states based on the reverse spin-orbit coupling in generalized insulators","authors":"Chongrui Liu, Yibing Lu, Zhenxin He, Wenliang Guan, Zhen Huang","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1461722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1461722","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustic topological insulators have the excellent characteristic of the pseudospin-dependent one-way transmission of sound edge states immune to backscattering. We realize the broadband acoustic pseudospin topological edge states with subwavelength generalized topological insulators, which is achieved by reverse pseudospin-orbit coupling. The subwavelength band and broadband nontrivial bandgap can be achieved by adjusting the topological structure of the scatterers and introducing resonators. The results demonstrate that the resonator can significantly reduce the frequencies of <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-states and <jats:italic>d</jats:italic>-states by introducing resonance scattering; the scattering size and rotation angles change the frequencies of <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-states and <jats:italic>d</jats:italic>-states in opposite directions by adjusting the distribution of the sound field. Then, we experimentally realize the pseudospin-dependent one-way transmission of sound edge states along the interface separating phononic crystals with distinct topological phases. Our research provides a systematic scheme for the design of acoustic topological insulators with versatile applications.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-06DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2024.1452288
Eray Abakay, Mustafa Armağan, Yasemin Yıldıran Avcu, Mert Guney, B. F. Yousif, Egemen Avcu
Titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely used in biomedical applications due to their superior mechanical, physical, and surface properties, while improving their tribological properties is critical to widening their biomedical applications in the current era. The present review examines the recent progress made in enhancing the tribological performance of titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites for biomedical purposes. It specifically focuses on the progress made in biomedical coatings, mechanical surface treatment, and developing titanium matrix composites in terms of their processing, tribological testing conditions, and characterization. Despite thorough investigations, the specific testing procedures for evaluating the friction and wear properties of the alloy and/or biomedical component are still uncertain. The majority of researchers have selected test methods and parameters based on previous studies or their own knowledge, but there is a scarcity of studies that incorporate limb-specific tribological tests that consider the distinct kinematic and biological structure of human limbs. Since advanced microscopy has great potential in this field, a variety of advanced characterization techniques have been used to reveal the relationship between microstructural and tribological properties. Many coating-based strategies have been developed using anodizing, PEO, VD, PVD, nitriding, thermal spray, sol-gel, and laser cladding, however; composition and processing parameters are crucial to improving tribological behaviour. Reinforcing component type, amount, and distribution has dominated Ti matrix composite research. Ti grade 2 and Ti6Al4V alloy has been the most widely used matrix, while various reinforcements, including TiC, Al2O3, TiB, hydroxyapatite, Si3N4, NbC, ZrO2 have been incorporated to enhance tribological performance of Ti matrix. Mechanical surface treatments improve biomedical Ti alloys’ tribological performance, which is advantageous due to their ease of application. The implementation of machine learning methods, such as artificial neural networks, regression, and fuzzy logic, is anticipated to make a substantial contribution to the field due to their ability to provide cost-effective and accurate results. The microstructural and surface features of biomedical Ti alloys directly affect their tribological properties, so image processing strategies using deep learning can help researchers optimize these properties for optimal performance.
{"title":"Advances in improving tribological performance of titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites for biomedical applications: a critical review","authors":"Eray Abakay, Mustafa Armağan, Yasemin Yıldıran Avcu, Mert Guney, B. F. Yousif, Egemen Avcu","doi":"10.3389/fmats.2024.1452288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2024.1452288","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium (Ti) alloys have been widely used in biomedical applications due to their superior mechanical, physical, and surface properties, while improving their tribological properties is critical to widening their biomedical applications in the current era. The present review examines the recent progress made in enhancing the tribological performance of titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites for biomedical purposes. It specifically focuses on the progress made in biomedical coatings, mechanical surface treatment, and developing titanium matrix composites in terms of their processing, tribological testing conditions, and characterization. Despite thorough investigations, the specific testing procedures for evaluating the friction and wear properties of the alloy and/or biomedical component are still uncertain. The majority of researchers have selected test methods and parameters based on previous studies or their own knowledge, but there is a scarcity of studies that incorporate limb-specific tribological tests that consider the distinct kinematic and biological structure of human limbs. Since advanced microscopy has great potential in this field, a variety of advanced characterization techniques have been used to reveal the relationship between microstructural and tribological properties. Many coating-based strategies have been developed using anodizing, PEO, VD, PVD, nitriding, thermal spray, sol-gel, and laser cladding, however; composition and processing parameters are crucial to improving tribological behaviour. Reinforcing component type, amount, and distribution has dominated Ti matrix composite research. Ti grade 2 and Ti6Al4V alloy has been the most widely used matrix, while various reinforcements, including TiC, Al<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, TiB, hydroxyapatite, Si<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>N<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>, NbC, ZrO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> have been incorporated to enhance tribological performance of Ti matrix. Mechanical surface treatments improve biomedical Ti alloys’ tribological performance, which is advantageous due to their ease of application. The implementation of machine learning methods, such as artificial neural networks, regression, and fuzzy logic, is anticipated to make a substantial contribution to the field due to their ability to provide cost-effective and accurate results. The microstructural and surface features of biomedical Ti alloys directly affect their tribological properties, so image processing strategies using deep learning can help researchers optimize these properties for optimal performance.","PeriodicalId":12524,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：