Precise Satellite Geodetic Measurements and Geodynamic Research in Northern Eurasia: State and Prospects

Abstract

The issues in geodynamic research in Northern Eurasia over the past three decades with emphasis on the use of space technologies in geodesy and geodynamics are presented. The main focus is on the GNSS system as the most widespread and effective tool for geodynamic research due to the compactness and relative ease of installation of ground-based tracking equipment, as well as the possibility of its autonomous operation. The importance of precise GNSS positioning for monitoring small-scale geodynamic displacements of the Earth’s surface, which requires millimeter-scale measurement accuracy, is emphasized. The issues of development of a precise reference frame for geodynamics and maintaining its long-term consistency based on the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) are considered, as well as the problems and prospects of precise satellite geodetic measurements and geodynamic research in the context of the current reduction in interaction with international geodetic data centers. To solve the problems that have arisen, ways are proposed based on arranging a subcontinental-scale system for equalization of raw GNSS measurements. The capabilities of the GNSS network used for solving problems of geodesy and geodynamics are demonstrated by the example of the analysis of the tectonic rigidity of cratons of Northern Eurasia and the impact of motion of adjacent tectonic plates and variations of these motions in the past geological eras on the contemporary geodynamic setting of these cratons.