Doklady Earth Sciences最新文献

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Frozen Mummy of a Subadult Woolly Rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis (Blumenbach, 1799) from the Late Pleistocene of Yakutia 来自雅库特晚更新世的亚成年毛犀牛 Coelodonta antiquitatis (Blumenbach, 1799) 的冰冻木乃伊

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602438

G. G. Boeskorov, O. F. Chernova, A. V. Protopopov, A. N. Neretina, M. V. Shchelchkova, R. I. Belyaev, A. A. Kotov

Abstract

In this study we describe a newly found frozen mummy of a young woolly rhinoceros (4–4.5 years old), dated to the Karginian Interstadial of the Late Neopleistocene (32 440 ± 140 years ago). The dimensional characteristics of this specimen are compared to those of 1- to 1.5-year-old juvenile, as well as adults, of Coelodonta antiquitatis found previously. Studies of the new find allowed to fill some of the information gaps concerning the features of the ontogenesis of the woolly rhinoceros, illustrate age-related changes in the color of its fur, and reveal a new anatomical peculiarity of C. antiquitatis—the presence of a fatty hump. Numerous remains of microscopic crustaceans were found in the wool, including representatives of the genus Moina (Cladocera: Moinidae), currently absent in the region. The latter were relatively common in Pleistocene temporary water bodies of Yakutia. The carcass of the rhinoceros was buried in a shallow (apparently temporary), fishless reservoir.

摘要在这项研究中，我们描述了一具新发现的年轻毛犀（4-4.5 岁）的冷冻木乃伊，其年代为新始新世晚期的卡金期（32 440 ± 140 年前）。该标本的尺寸特征与之前发现的 1 至 1.5 岁的古蟠龙幼体和成体进行了比较。对这一新发现的研究填补了毛犀牛个体发育特征方面的一些信息空白，说明了毛皮颜色与年龄有关的变化，并揭示了 C. antiquitatis 的一个新的解剖学特征--脂肪驼峰的存在。在羊毛中发现了大量微小甲壳类动物的残骸，其中包括目前在该地区尚不存在的莫伊纳属（Cladocera: Moinidae）的代表。后者在雅库特的更新世临时水体中比较常见。犀牛的尸体被埋在一个浅水（显然是临时的）无鱼水库中。

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引用次数: 0

Sensitivity of the Chandler Wobble Period of Mars to the Parameters of the Rheological Model 火星钱德勒摆动周期对流变模型参数的敏感性

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602475

E. A. Kulik, T. V. Gudkova

Abstract

The Chandler period of Mars is a new parameter determined from observational data that characterizes the properties of the planetary interior. Numerical modeling of the period of the Chandler wobble of Mars was performed for a number of internal structure models that satisfy not only geodetic data (moment of inertia, tidal Love number k₂), but also data obtained during a seismic experiment in the years 2019–2022. To reconcile the theoretical and observed values of the Chandler wobble, it is necessary to take into account the inelasticity of the mantle. To take into account the viscoelastic behavior of the interior, the Andrade rheological model was used. It is demonstrated how the value of the Chandler period depends on the rheological model parameters.

摘要火星的钱德勒周期是根据观测数据确定的一个新参数，它描述了行星内部的特性。对一些内部结构模型进行了火星钱德勒摆动周期的数值建模，这些模型不仅满足大地测量数据（惯性矩、潮汐爱数k2），还满足2019-2022年地震实验获得的数据。为了协调钱德勒摆动的理论值和观测值，有必要考虑地幔的非弹性。为了考虑内部的粘弹性行为，使用了安德拉德流变模型。演示了钱德勒周期值如何取决于流变模型参数。

引用次数: 0

The Kharbei Amphibolite–Gneiss Complex (Polar Urals): P–T Evolution and Results of U–Pb LA-ICP-MS Isotopic Study of Metamorphic Zircon 哈尔贝闪长岩-片麻岩复合体（极地乌拉尔）：变质锆石的 P-T 演变和 U-Pb LA-ICP-MS 同位素研究结果

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602761

N. S. Ulyasheva, A. S. Shuyskiy, V. B. Khubanov

Abstract

In the study of the Khanmeikhoi Formation of the central zone of the Kharbei amphibolite–gneiss complex, it was shown that the amphibolites, schists, and plagiogneisses common here form two primary igneous series: low-alumina tholeiitic metabasalts of normal alkalinity and a differentiated series of high-alumina rocks from metatrachybasalts to metarhyolites with high alkalinity. According to the zoning of garnets, progressive and regressive branches of metamorphism are recorded, the peak conditions of which, according to calculations using the winTWQ program, correspond to the high-temperature stage of the amphibolite facies at high pressures (T = 690–750°C, P = 8.1–9.4 kbar). For the first time, metamorphic zircon from Grt-Bi plagiogneiss with low Th/U ratios of 0.01–0.04 and weakly expressed positive cerium (Ce/Ce* = 1.4–1.7) and negative europium (Eu/Eu* = 0.7–0.9) has been identified in the anomalies, the age of which, according to the results of the U–Pb LA-ICP-MS isotope method, is estimated to be Early Carboniferous (359–341 Ma). This time apparently characterizes the transition from the peak of metamorphism to the regressive stage associated with the exhumation of rocks. The results obtained indicate the formation of the Kharbei amphibolite–gneiss complex during the formation of the Ural orogen and allow us to consider it as an indicator of Paleozoic collision processes.

摘要在对哈尔贝闪长岩-片麻岩复合体中心地带的汗梅霍伊地层的研究中，发现这里常见的闪长岩、片岩和长片麻岩形成了两个原生火成岩系列：正常碱度的低铝透辉石变质岩和从偏闪长岩到高碱度偏闪长岩的高铝岩石分异系列。根据石榴石的分带，记录了变质作用的渐进和退行分支，根据 winTWQ 程序的计算，其峰值条件对应于高温高压（T = 690-750°C，P = 8.1-9.4 千巴）下的闪长岩面的高温阶段。根据 U-Pb LA-ICP-MS 同位素方法的结果，该异常的年龄估计为早石炭纪（359-341Ma）。这一时期显然是变质作用高峰期向与岩石掘出有关的回归阶段过渡的时期。研究结果表明，哈尔贝闪长岩-片麻岩复合体是在乌拉尔造山带形成过程中形成的，因此我们可以将其视为古生代碰撞过程的一个指标。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamics of Surface Heat Fluxes in the Tropical Zone of the Atlantic during Periods of Origination of Hurricanes 飓风发源期大西洋热带地区地表热通量的动态变化

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24601949

A. G. Grankov

Abstract

The results of an analysis of the images of surface heat fluxes obtained from satellite microwave and infrared radiometric measurements in the areas of the origination of hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and tropical Atlantic are presented. It is stated that the intensity of the latent and sensible heat fluxes over 4–5 days preceding the origination of hurricanes increases and the fluxes are localized in certain areas—hurricane centers. The maximum values of the heat fluxes are reached simultaneously with the transition of tropical formations from the stage of a tropical storm to the stage of a tropical hurricane.

摘要介绍了对墨西哥湾和热带大西洋飓风起源地区卫星微波和红外辐射测量获得的地表热通量图像的分析结果。报告指出，在飓风来临前的 4-5 天内，潜热和显热通量的强度会增加，而且通量会集中在某些地区--飓风中心。热通量的最大值与热带阵型从热带风暴阶段过渡到热带飓风阶段同时达到。

引用次数: 0

The Effect of GO on TiO2-doped PVDF Nanofiltration Membrane Performance: Synergistic Filtration of Large and Small Molecules Facilitated the Removal of Small Molecule Contaminants GO 对掺杂 TiO2 的 PVDF 纳滤膜性能的影响：大分子和小分子的协同过滤促进了小分子污染物的去除

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24601329

Jiacang Fei

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis of poly(vinylidene fluoride) composite membranes incorporated with titania (TiO₂) nanoparticles and graphene oxide (GO) was demonstrated. The effect of GO on the surface morphology of the membrane was observed by scanning electron microscopy, indicating the typical membrane looseness and porosity caused by GO. The chemical properties and composition of the membrane were confirmed by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, indicating the as-prepared membrane materials with reasonably doped TiO₂ and GO. The effect of the amount of doped GO on the microstructure and performance of the PVDF/TiO₂/GO membrane was systematically investigated. GO enhances the flux of the PVDF membrane in the early filtration stage and enhances the retention of pollutants. In addition, it was found that the synergistic filtration of large and small molecules improved the removal of small molecule contaminants. Therefore, the results of this study offered a new technology for the synergistic treatment of dye wastewater with macromolecule pollutants.

摘要在这项研究中，展示了掺入二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米颗粒和氧化石墨烯（GO）的聚偏氟乙烯复合膜的合成。通过扫描电子显微镜观察了 GO 对膜表面形貌的影响，结果表明 GO 使膜具有典型的疏松性和多孔性。X 射线衍射和傅立叶变换红外光谱证实了膜的化学性质和成分，表明制备的膜材料中含有合理掺杂的 TiO2 和 GO。系统研究了掺入量对 PVDF/TiO2/GO 膜微观结构和性能的影响。GO 提高了 PVDF 膜在早期过滤阶段的通量，并增强了对污染物的截留。此外，研究还发现大分子和小分子的协同过滤提高了小分子污染物的去除率。因此，该研究结果为染料废水与大分子污染物的协同处理提供了一种新技术。

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引用次数: 0

The Role of Rare Alkalis (Li, Rb, and Cs) as Indicators in Water of the Baikal Geosystem, Russia 稀有碱（锂、铷和铯）作为俄罗斯贝加尔湖地质系统水体指标的作用

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x2460261x

V. I. Grebenshchikova, M. I. Kuzmin

Abstract

The distribution of rare alkalis (Li, Rb, and Cs) is analyzed in spatially linked water objects of the Baikal geosystem: water of Baikal and its tributaries, underground water from boreholes and thermal springs, and the Angara River (the sole outlet), which are located in the Baikal rift zone. The rare alkali content differs significantly in some water objects, but the average and median contents are similar in the surface and deep water of Lake Baikal and the Angara River. The water of Barguzin thermal springs of the eastern shore of Lake Baikal contains the maximum amount of rare alkalis, but this affects the Baikal water insignificantly due to its natural self-cleaning and deep renewal of water during geodynamic movements. The similar rare alkali contents of Barguzin and some thermal springs of Kamchatka emphasize their indicator role in the genesis of water objects.

摘要分析了贝加尔湖地质系统中空间上相互关联的水体中稀有碱（锂、铷和铯）的分布情况：贝加尔湖及其支流的水、来自井眼和温泉的地下水以及安加拉河（唯一的出水口），这些水体位于贝加尔湖裂谷区。某些水体的稀有碱含量差别很大，但贝加尔湖和安加拉河的地表水和深层水的平均含量和中位含量相似。贝加尔湖东岸的巴尔古津温泉水中稀有碱含量最高，但由于贝加尔湖水在地球动力运动中的自然自洁和深度更新，这对贝加尔湖水的影响不大。巴尔古津和堪察加半岛一些温泉的稀有碱含量相似，这突出表明了它们在水体形成过程中的指示作用。

引用次数: 0

Stages of Granitoid Magmatism in the Eastern Part of the Kazakhstan Composite Continent in the Early–Middle Paleozoic 早-中古生代哈萨克斯坦复合大陆东部的花岗岩岩浆活动阶段

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602451

P. D. Kotler, S. V. Khromykh, K. E. Degtyarev, A. V. Kulikova, M. D. Tsareva, V. A. Penkina

Abstract

For the northeastern part of the Chingiz–Tarbagatai segment of the Boshchekul–Chingiz folded area, U‒Pb age estimates of Middle Paleozoic granitoid complexes were obtained for the first time and their geochemical features were described. The recent data indicate a wide distribution of Late Silurian granitoids, represented by I-type rocks, on this territory. Early Devonian rocks form a number of separate volcano-plutonic structures, the granitoids of which can be classified as A-type. The compositional features of granitoids formed during the Cambrian‒Devonian enable one to trace the evolution of the crust of this part of the Chingiz–Tarbagatai segment from an ensimatic island arc to a volcanic belt with a relatively mature continental-type crust.

摘要在 Boshchekul-Chingiz 褶皱区的 Chingiz-Tarbagatai 段东北部，首次获得了中古生代花岗岩复合体的 U-Pb 年龄估计值，并描述了其地球化学特征。最新数据表明，以 I 型岩石为代表的晚志留纪花岗岩在该地区分布广泛。早泥盆世岩石形成了许多独立的火山-岩浆构造，其中的花岗岩可归类为 A 型。根据寒武纪-泥盆纪期间形成的花岗岩的成分特征，我们可以追溯出 Chingiz-Tarbagatai 地段这一部分的地壳演变过程，即从一个岛弧演变成一个具有相对成熟的大陆型地壳的火山带。

引用次数: 0

New Data on the Sm–Nd Age of Mafic/Ultramafic Intrusions on the Western Slope of the Southern Urals 关于南乌拉尔山脉西坡岩浆岩/超岩浆岩侵入体 Sm-Nd 年龄的新数据

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602621

S. G. Kovalev, S. S. Kovalev, A. A. Sharipova, V. M. Gorozhanin, A. V. Maslov

Abstract

This work presents new data on the Sm–Nd age of the Ishlya (1470 ± 62 Ma) and Misaelga (1481 ± 58 Ma) mafic/ultramafic complexes distributed along the western slope of the Southern Urals. The ages obtained are close to the Calymmian–Ectasian boundary (~1400 Ma) of the International Chronostratigraphic Scale. Based on calculated data, it is shown that the area of magma generation for the melts that formed the named complexes has been located in the “head” of a plume, which is the primary cause of the Mashak “magmatic event” in the Southern Urals.

摘要这项工作提供了沿南乌拉尔西坡分布的 Ishlya（1470 ± 62 Ma）和 Misaelga（1481 ± 58 Ma）黑云母/超黑云母复合体的 Sm-Nd 年龄的新数据。所获得的年龄接近国际年代地层尺度的卡利米亚-远古边界（约 1400 Ma）。根据计算数据显示，形成命名复合体的熔体的岩浆生成区域位于羽流的 "头部"，这是乌拉尔南部马沙克 "岩浆事件 "的主要原因。

引用次数: 0

Geochemical Aspects of the Technology for Restoration of Vegetation Cover on Industrially Polluted Peat Soil Using Serpentine Materials 利用蛇纹石材料在受工业污染的泥炭土上恢复植被技术的地球化学问题

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602578

M. V. Slukovskaya, A. G. Petrova, L. A. Ivanova, I. A. Mosendz, T. K. Ivanova, S. V. Drogobuzhskaya, A. I. Novikov, A. A. Shirokaya, I. P. Kremenetskaya

Abstract

Factors influencing the geochemical migration of elements during the development of artificial phytocenoses on industrially polluted peat soil with a high level of copper and nickel content using serpentine-containing materials are considered. Monitoring of the remediation sites during a four-year field experiment showed that the grass cover is capable of sustainable functioning by neutralizing the acidity of peat soil, reducing the toxicity of soil solutions, and eliminating the imbalance of macronutrients. Serpentine minerals act as an alkaline barrier, reducing the intensity of migration of copper and nickel compounds.

摘要考虑了在含铜和镍含量较高的工业污染泥炭土上使用含蛇纹石的材料发展人工植被过程中影响元素地球化学迁移的因素。在为期四年的现场实验中对修复地点进行的监测表明，草覆盖能够中和泥炭土的酸性，降低土壤溶液的毒性，消除宏量营养元素的失衡，从而实现可持续的功能。蛇纹石矿物起到了碱性屏障的作用，降低了铜和镍化合物的迁移强度。

引用次数: 0

Acceleration of Climate Change in the Upper Layer of the Black Sea 加速黑海上层的气候变化

IF 0.9 4区地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Doklady Earth Sciences

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1028334x24602797

G. K. Korotaev, V. N. Belokopytov, V. L. Dorofeev, A. I. Mizyuk, A. L. Kholod

Abstract

The thermohaline regime trends of the Black Sea basin in the period 2000–2021 were studied based on the data from three retrospective analyses (reanalyses) of the hydrophysical fields of the Black Sea. It is shown that the cumulative effect of an increase in the average sea surface temperature (SST) and increasingly milder winter conditions in the Black Sea over the last seven to eight years led to a record-breaking warming and then to the disappearance of the ventilated cold intermediate layer (CIL) of the Black Sea in its traditional meaning by 2020. In addition, in the past seven to eight years, accelerated warming of seawaters has been observed within the permanent (main) pycnocline. Changes in the thermal regime of the upper layer of the sea are accompanied by a continuing increase in salinity in the main pycnocline.

摘要根据对黑海水文物理场进行的三次回顾性分析（再分析）的数据，研究了 2000-2021 年期间黑海盆地的温盐系统趋势。结果表明，在过去七至八年中，黑海平均海面温度（SST）的上升和冬季气候日益温和的累积效应导致了创纪录的变暖，进而导致黑海传统意义上的通风寒冷中间层（CIL）在 2020 年之前消失。此外，在过去七、八年中，在永久（主）pycnocline 内观察到海水加速变暖。在海洋上层热量变化的同时，主冰跃层的盐度也在持续上升。

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全部化学•材料生命科学医学物理工程技术环境•农林材料科学地球科学法学管理学化学环境科学与生态学计算机科学教育学经济学农林科学人文科学生物学数学物理与天体物理心理学综合性期刊其他工业工程理学历史学农学文学信息工程

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