Detection of HBsAg by ELISA using MoFeNiS, MoCoFeS, MoNiCoS, and FeCoNiS nanocomposites

The hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic hepatitis. Around 250 million people worldwide have chronic HBV. When hepatitis B surface antigens (HBsAgs) are found in the blood, the person is infected. Using a compassionate and exact approach is critical and beneficial. Immunosensor signal amplification is one of the most effective specific diagnostic procedures in clinical, biological, and environmental settings. In this study, HBsAg was detected by immunoassay using MoFeNiS, MoCoFeS, MoNiCoS, and FeCoNiS nanocomposites coupled to the secondary antibody. Nanocomposites established with negative surface charge, high surface to volume and porosity ratio, magnetic and electrical properties, simple and inexpensive synthesis, and easy dispersion in deionized water, among other qualities. Electrostatic adsorption between the negative surface charges of the nanocomposites and the positive charge established on the surface of antibodies was used to connect these nanocomposites to the anti-HBsAg antibody. Also to ensure the correct connection between the nanocomposites and antibodies, several tests including DLS, zeta potential, UV–Vis, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy were performed before and after the modifications. Finally, the results of this study demonstrated the successful manufacture of safety sensors using these modified nanocomposites, which can detect HBsAg at concentrations ranging from 5.65 pg/mL to 5.65 ng/mL through ELISA immune sandwich absorption system.