基于体外效应的中欧洪泛平原恢复地水、沉积物和土壤监测

IF 6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2024-06-22 DOI:10.1186/s12302-024-00939-0
Nina Kuschik-Maczollek, Malte Glock, Markus Schmitz, Henner Hollert, Martin Krauss, Aleksandra Piotrowska, Werner Brack, Jörg Oehlmann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景洪泛平原是生物多样性的热点地区,提供众多生态系统服务。然而,近几十年来,欧洲 70-90% 的洪泛平原在结构上已经退化。因此,许多(跨)国家计划旨在恢复和保护洪泛区生态系统。这些措施的成功与否还取决于化学污染情况,尤其是作为各种污染物汇和源的洪泛区土壤和沉积物的污染情况。在本研究中,我们评估了美因河(德国美因河畔法兰克福)沿岸一处洪泛区恢复点的生态毒理学现状,并根据当地一家工业厂房和潜在遗留污染的影响,估计了其发展潜力。因此,我们采用体外基于效应的方法(EBMs)对基线毒性、致突变性、二恶英类和雌激素活性进行测试,并结合化学分析。在相应的水相中,雌激素活性超过了环境质量标准,沉积物样本在所有测试终点中均呈阳性。对这些沉积物的化学分析显示,多环芳烃的浓度很高。来自经常被水淹没地区的土壤样本显示,无论是否有新陈代谢活化,框架转换突变和点突变的诱变潜力都最高。工业废水显示出基准毒性、致突变性和二恶英类活性,这些活性在主河中被高度稀释。结论根据这项研究的结果,我们将新近建成的支流和地下水池塘的总体生态毒理学状况评为良好,并确定主河附近的两个洪水洼地为污染热点。我们认为,在洪泛区土壤中观察到的诱变性与以前苯胺和偶氮染料生产中遗留的污染有关。就洪泛区恢复地点的发展潜力而言,我们强调考虑这些土壤中污染物的再移动,并假设从长远来看,主河和当地工业厂房的污染可能会对其支流的沉积物质量产生负面影响。通过这项研究,我们证实了体外 EBM 在确定化学和生态毒理学相关地点方面的实用性。
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In vitro effect-based monitoring of water, sediment and soil from a floodplain restoration site in Central Europe

Background

Floodplains are biodiversity hotspots and provide numerous ecosystem services. In recent decades, however, 70–90% of Europe’s floodplains have been structurally degraded. Accordingly, many (inter-)national programs aim to restore and protect floodplain ecosystems. The success of such measures also depends on the chemical contamination, especially of floodplain soils and sediments, which serve as sinks and sources for a variety of pollutants. In this study, we assess the current ecotoxicological status of a floodplain restoration site along the Main River (Frankfurt am Main, Germany) and estimate its development potential with respect to the influence of a local industrial plant and potential legacy contaminations. We therefore use in vitro effect-based methods (EBMs) testing for baseline toxicity, mutagenicity, dioxin-like and estrogenic activities, coupled with chemical analysis.

Results

Of all water bodies analyzed, the overall toxicity was highest in two flood depressions. In the respective water phase, estrogenic activities exceeded the environmental quality standard and sediment samples were positive for all tested endpoints. Chemical analysis of these sediments revealed high concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Soil samples from frequently flooded areas showed the highest mutagenic potential for both frameshift and point mutations with and without metabolic activation. The industrial effluent showed baseline toxic, mutagenic, and dioxin-like activities, that were highly diluted in the Main River. In turn, most of the sediment samples downstream of the industrial discharge showed significantly elevated baseline toxic, estrogenic and dioxin-like activities as well as increased chemical contamination.

Conclusion

Based on the results of this study, we rate the overall ecotoxicological status of a recently established tributary and groundwater-fed ponds as good, and identified two flood depressions near the Main River as hot spots of contamination. We assume that the observed mutagenicity in the floodplain soils is related to legacy contaminations from former aniline and azo dye production. In terms of the development potential of the floodplain restoration site, we emphasize considering the remobilization of pollutants from these soils and suppose that, in the long term, pollution of the Main River and the local industrial plant may negatively impact sediment quality in its tributaries. With this study, we confirmed the utility of in vitro EBMs for identifying chemically and ecotoxicologically relevant sites.

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来源期刊
Environmental Sciences Europe
Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution
CiteScore
11.20
自引率
1.70%
发文量
110
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.
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