Enriched energy optimized LEACH protocol for efficient data transmission in wireless sensor network

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is made up of many sensor nodes with insufficient energy, storage, and processing capabilities. Data gathering and transmission to the base station are two of the main responsibilities of the sensor nodes (BS). As a result, the network lifespan becomes the key factor in the successful design of data collection strategies in WSN. In this study, we provide the Enriched energy optimized LEACH (EE-OLEACH) protocol for data transfer. Through a combination of efficient optimum clustering and an optimal route selection mechanism, it provides a means for energy-efficient routing in WSN. The Homogeneous Hunter-Wolf optimization (HHWO) is used for clustering, and a cluster head is chosen for each cluster to reduce energy loss among sensor nodes and maximize efficiency in their use of available resources. Nodes with the highest residual energy may receive the most energy-efficient routing. In order to send the data to BS, the nodes with the greatest residual energy are chosen. The pheromone-profound Ant optimization (PPAO) method was then used to reduce energy consumption throughout the path-selection process. It contributes to a higher packet delivery ratio while reducing power consumption. According to the experimental findings, the proposed EE-OLEACH performs better than the current Protocol in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end latency, and energy usage. In this paper, we compare the performance of the existing hierarchical routing protocols under varying conditions (packet size, starting energy level, etc.) and demonstrate how the optimal CH selection based on a suggested algorithm improves both network lifetime and energy consumption. The Simulation results shows that the EE-OLEACH enhances energy efficiency by 30%, delay by 35%, node survived by 45%, network lifetime by 56%, packet delivery ratio by 47% and throughput by 38% when compared with other existing protocols. The results clearly show that the suggested EE-OLEACH extends the lifespan of the network and reduce the energy consumption.