Abdulbari Bener, Mahmut Tokaç, Ihab Tewfik, Susu M Zughaier, Ahmet Faruk Ağan, Andrew S Day
{"title":"母乳喂养时间可降低儿童患白血病的风险并改变患功能性胃肠病的风险。","authors":"Abdulbari Bener, Mahmut Tokaç, Ihab Tewfik, Susu M Zughaier, Ahmet Faruk Ağan, Andrew S Day","doi":"10.1089/bfm.2024.0033","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective</i></b>: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the duration of breastfeeding in infancy reduces the risk of childhood leukemia or lymphoma, and modifies the risk of developing functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). <b><i>Subjects and Methods:</i></b> This case-control study involved the recruitment of children with lymphoid malignancy and functional gastrointestinal symptoms with healthy children as controls. Focused questionnaires were used to collect data on breastfeeding history and other key risk factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken. <b><i>Results</i></b>: Of the 334 children with lymphoid malignancy, 65% were male. The control group included 334 age- and sex-matched participants. Most (<i>n</i> = 189; 56.6%) of the children with leukemia were <10 years of age. Differences between cases and controls included the duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), mean birthweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), maternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), paternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> < 0.001), mean number of children (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI percentile (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and maternal smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Breastfeeding duration of up to 6 months' duration, when compared with feeding of longer than 6 months, was associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (OR = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37-4.98; <i>p</i> < 0.001), Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.88-2.84, <i>p</i> = 0.120), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25-3.65, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and overall (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40-2.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Cases also differed from controls with regard to FGIDs, such as stomach ache (<i>p</i> < 0.001), dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), early satiety (<i>p</i> = 0.017), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> < 0.001), bloating (<i>p</i> < 0.001), nausea (<i>p</i> = 0.005), vomiting (<i>p</i> = 0.039), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.003), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.010), gastrointestinal canal congestion (<i>p</i> =0.039), muscle aches pains (<i>p</i> = 0.008), fecal incontinence (<i>p</i> = 0.021), and indigestion (<i>p</i> = 0.003). A multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that maternal smoking (<i>p</i> < 0.001), formula feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> = 0.002), mother's age (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and the child's birthweight (<i>p</i> = 0.009) were predictors for leukemia. Further analysis showed that dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), gastrointestinal tract canal congestion (<i>p</i> < 0.001), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.009), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.013), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> = 0.021), bloating (<i>p</i> = 0.022), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and stomach ache (<i>p</i> = 0.025) were significant predictors for developing FGID symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and other confounding variables. <b><i>Conclusion</i></b>: This study confirmed that breastfeeding has some effect on reducing possible risk of childhood lymphoma and leukemia and FGID symptoms compared with healthy control children.</p>","PeriodicalId":9142,"journal":{"name":"Breastfeeding Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"539-546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Breastfeeding Duration Reduces the Risk of Childhood Leukemia and Modifies the Risk of Developing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.\",\"authors\":\"Abdulbari Bener, Mahmut Tokaç, Ihab Tewfik, Susu M Zughaier, Ahmet Faruk Ağan, Andrew S Day\",\"doi\":\"10.1089/bfm.2024.0033\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p><b><i>Objective</i></b>: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the duration of breastfeeding in infancy reduces the risk of childhood leukemia or lymphoma, and modifies the risk of developing functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). <b><i>Subjects and Methods:</i></b> This case-control study involved the recruitment of children with lymphoid malignancy and functional gastrointestinal symptoms with healthy children as controls. Focused questionnaires were used to collect data on breastfeeding history and other key risk factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken. <b><i>Results</i></b>: Of the 334 children with lymphoid malignancy, 65% were male. The control group included 334 age- and sex-matched participants. Most (<i>n</i> = 189; 56.6%) of the children with leukemia were <10 years of age. Differences between cases and controls included the duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), mean birthweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001), maternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), paternal age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> < 0.001), mean number of children (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BMI percentile (<i>p</i> = 0.042), and maternal smoking (<i>p</i> = 0.012). Breastfeeding duration of up to 6 months' duration, when compared with feeding of longer than 6 months, was associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (OR = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37-4.98; <i>p</i> < 0.001), Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.88-2.84, <i>p</i> = 0.120), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25-3.65, <i>p</i> = 0.005), and overall (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40-2.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Cases also differed from controls with regard to FGIDs, such as stomach ache (<i>p</i> < 0.001), dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), early satiety (<i>p</i> = 0.017), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> < 0.001), bloating (<i>p</i> < 0.001), nausea (<i>p</i> = 0.005), vomiting (<i>p</i> = 0.039), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.003), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.010), gastrointestinal canal congestion (<i>p</i> =0.039), muscle aches pains (<i>p</i> = 0.008), fecal incontinence (<i>p</i> = 0.021), and indigestion (<i>p</i> = 0.003). A multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that maternal smoking (<i>p</i> < 0.001), formula feeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), birth order (<i>p</i> = 0.002), mother's age (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and the child's birthweight (<i>p</i> = 0.009) were predictors for leukemia. Further analysis showed that dyspepsia (<i>p</i> < 0.001), gastrointestinal tract canal congestion (<i>p</i> < 0.001), constipation (<i>p</i> = 0.009), diarrhea (<i>p</i> = 0.013), bowel satisfaction (<i>p</i> = 0.021), bloating (<i>p</i> = 0.022), duration of breastfeeding (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and stomach ache (<i>p</i> = 0.025) were significant predictors for developing FGID symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and other confounding variables. <b><i>Conclusion</i></b>: This study confirmed that breastfeeding has some effect on reducing possible risk of childhood lymphoma and leukemia and FGID symptoms compared with healthy control children.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":9142,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Breastfeeding Medicine\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"539-546\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-07-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Breastfeeding Medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0033\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/7/5 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Breastfeeding Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2024.0033","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/7/5 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding Duration Reduces the Risk of Childhood Leukemia and Modifies the Risk of Developing Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.
Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the duration of breastfeeding in infancy reduces the risk of childhood leukemia or lymphoma, and modifies the risk of developing functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Subjects and Methods: This case-control study involved the recruitment of children with lymphoid malignancy and functional gastrointestinal symptoms with healthy children as controls. Focused questionnaires were used to collect data on breastfeeding history and other key risk factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were undertaken. Results: Of the 334 children with lymphoid malignancy, 65% were male. The control group included 334 age- and sex-matched participants. Most (n = 189; 56.6%) of the children with leukemia were <10 years of age. Differences between cases and controls included the duration of breastfeeding (p < 0.0001), mean birthweight (p < 0.001), maternal age (p < 0.001), paternal age (p < 0.001), birth order (p < 0.001), mean number of children (p < 0.001), BMI percentile (p = 0.042), and maternal smoking (p = 0.012). Breastfeeding duration of up to 6 months' duration, when compared with feeding of longer than 6 months, was associated with increased odds ratios (OR) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (OR = 3.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.37-4.98; p < 0.001), Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 0.88-2.84, p = 0.120), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.25-3.65, p = 0.005), and overall (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40-2.71, p < 0.001). Cases also differed from controls with regard to FGIDs, such as stomach ache (p < 0.001), dyspepsia (p < 0.001), early satiety (p = 0.017), bowel satisfaction (p < 0.001), bloating (p < 0.001), nausea (p = 0.005), vomiting (p = 0.039), constipation (p = 0.003), diarrhea (p = 0.010), gastrointestinal canal congestion (p =0.039), muscle aches pains (p = 0.008), fecal incontinence (p = 0.021), and indigestion (p = 0.003). A multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that maternal smoking (p < 0.001), formula feeding (p < 0.001), duration of breastfeeding (p < 0.001), birth order (p = 0.002), mother's age (p = 0.004) and the child's birthweight (p = 0.009) were predictors for leukemia. Further analysis showed that dyspepsia (p < 0.001), gastrointestinal tract canal congestion (p < 0.001), constipation (p = 0.009), diarrhea (p = 0.013), bowel satisfaction (p = 0.021), bloating (p = 0.022), duration of breastfeeding (p < 0.001), and stomach ache (p = 0.025) were significant predictors for developing FGID symptoms after adjusting for age, gender, and other confounding variables. Conclusion: This study confirmed that breastfeeding has some effect on reducing possible risk of childhood lymphoma and leukemia and FGID symptoms compared with healthy control children.
期刊介绍:
Breastfeeding Medicine provides unparalleled peer-reviewed research, protocols, and clinical applications to ensure optimal care for mother and infant. The Journal answers the growing demand for evidence-based research and explores the immediate and long-term outcomes of breastfeeding, including its epidemiologic, physiologic, and psychological benefits. It is the exclusive source of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine protocols.
Breastfeeding Medicine coverage includes:
Breastfeeding recommendations and protocols
Health consequences of artificial feeding
Physiology of lactation and biochemistry of breast milk
Optimal nutrition for the breastfeeding mother
Breastfeeding indications and contraindications
Managing breastfeeding discomfort, pain, and other complications
Breastfeeding the premature or sick infant
Breastfeeding in the chronically ill mother
Management of the breastfeeding mother on medication
Infectious disease transmission through breast milk and breastfeeding
The collection and storage of human milk and human milk banking
Measuring the impact of being a “baby-friendly” hospital
Cultural competence and cultural sensitivity
International public health issues including social and economic issues.