Epidemiology and clinical features of parasitic disease Leishmaniasis. A case study from Pakistan

An insect born disease termed as leishmaniasis is a type of parasitic disease which is becoming a great threat for social as well as medical team of more than 99 countries and its cases are increasing in Pakistan. The present study was conducted in Pakistan and its purpose was to demonstrate the geographical distribution as well as clinical features and risk factors of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Total (n=26590) were identified with cutaneous leishmaniasis from the four provinces of Pakistan from which 43.88 %(n=11670) of cases reported from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa which is highest among all the provinces whereas 33.31 %(n=8858) of cases reported from Balochistan. Additionally, 9.91 % of cases reported from province Sindh meanwhile 7.06 %(n=1878) of cases reported from Azad and jamu Kashmir and 5.82 % (n=1548) percent cases were reported from punjab which is among the lowest. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is in a moderate season, and it favors protozoan’s parasite to spread the disease. The infected patients’ skin scraps were collected for microscopic examination and blood samples were taken for PCR. Most of the infected patients are from rural areas where the chances of biting sand fly were greater in these areas. The purpose of this study was to report the infected areas as well as to spread awareness about the spread of this disease.