Gelareh Ghaderi, Samad Jamali, Robert A. Haack, Jabbar Valipour
{"title":"在伊朗扎格罗斯森林中与栎树枯死和衰退有关的蛀木甲虫体内检测到甲壳酵母菌","authors":"Gelareh Ghaderi, Samad Jamali, Robert A. Haack, Jabbar Valipour","doi":"10.1007/s10340-024-01805-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oak dieback disease caused by the fungus <i>Paecilomyces formosus</i> threatens oak trees in the Zagros forests in western Iran. Various insects, such as wood-infesting beetles (Coleoptera), may play a role in dissemination of <i>P. formosus</i>. We collected larvae and adult insects from branch wood of oak trees with dieback symptoms in the Zagros forests. For larval identification, the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COXI) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fungal isolates from wood and insects collected from the sampled oaks were identified by morphology, acid production on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) medium, phylogeny of DNA sequence data for the <i>β</i>-tubulin gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA. To detect <i>P. formosus</i> in larvae and adult insects, we used a nested PCR assay with the species-specific primer pairs PaMF and PaMR. The insects that most often tested positive for <i>P. formosus</i> were larvae of the buprestids <i>Acmaeodera</i> sp. and <i>Chrysobothris affinis</i>, and larvae of the cerambycid <i>Trichoferus campestris</i>. Adults of <i>C. affinis</i> and <i>Calchaenesthes diversicolis</i> (Cerambycidae), which were collected from within their galleries, also tested positive. Beetle larvae of <i>Anthaxia</i> sp. (Buprestidae), <i>Latipalpis plana</i> (Buprestidae), <i>Monochamus</i> sp. (Cerambycidae) and <i>Crypticus gibbulus</i> (Tenebrionidae) also tested positive. Larvae that tested negative for <i>P. formosus</i> were species of Cossidae (Lepidoptera), Elateridae (Coleoptera), Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera) and Syrphidae (Diptera). Future research is needed to determine whether any of these insects can serve as vectors of <i>P. formosus</i>. These results can be used to target-specific insects for monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":16736,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pest Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Detection of Paecilomyces formosus in wood-boring beetles associated with oak dieback and decline in the Zagros forests of Iran\",\"authors\":\"Gelareh Ghaderi, Samad Jamali, Robert A. Haack, Jabbar Valipour\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10340-024-01805-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>Oak dieback disease caused by the fungus <i>Paecilomyces formosus</i> threatens oak trees in the Zagros forests in western Iran. Various insects, such as wood-infesting beetles (Coleoptera), may play a role in dissemination of <i>P. formosus</i>. We collected larvae and adult insects from branch wood of oak trees with dieback symptoms in the Zagros forests. For larval identification, the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COXI) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fungal isolates from wood and insects collected from the sampled oaks were identified by morphology, acid production on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) medium, phylogeny of DNA sequence data for the <i>β</i>-tubulin gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA. To detect <i>P. formosus</i> in larvae and adult insects, we used a nested PCR assay with the species-specific primer pairs PaMF and PaMR. The insects that most often tested positive for <i>P. formosus</i> were larvae of the buprestids <i>Acmaeodera</i> sp. and <i>Chrysobothris affinis</i>, and larvae of the cerambycid <i>Trichoferus campestris</i>. Adults of <i>C. affinis</i> and <i>Calchaenesthes diversicolis</i> (Cerambycidae), which were collected from within their galleries, also tested positive. Beetle larvae of <i>Anthaxia</i> sp. (Buprestidae), <i>Latipalpis plana</i> (Buprestidae), <i>Monochamus</i> sp. (Cerambycidae) and <i>Crypticus gibbulus</i> (Tenebrionidae) also tested positive. Larvae that tested negative for <i>P. formosus</i> were species of Cossidae (Lepidoptera), Elateridae (Coleoptera), Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera) and Syrphidae (Diptera). Future research is needed to determine whether any of these insects can serve as vectors of <i>P. formosus</i>. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在伊朗西部的扎格罗斯森林中,由栎孢菌(Paecilomyces formosus)引起的栎树枯死病威胁着栎树。各种昆虫,如侵木甲虫(鞘翅目),可能在栎树枯萎病的传播中扮演了重要角色。我们从扎格罗斯森林中出现枯死症状的橡树枝干上采集了幼虫和成虫。为了鉴定幼虫,我们通过聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 扩增了线粒体基因细胞色素 c 氧化酶 I (COXI)。通过形态学、肌酸蔗糖琼脂(CREA)培养基上的产酸量、β-tubulin 基因和内部转录间隔(ITS)rDNA 的 DNA 序列数据的系统进化,对从取样橡树的木材和昆虫中采集的真菌分离物进行了鉴定。为了检测幼虫和成虫中的甲形虫,我们使用了物种特异性引物对 PaMF 和 PaMR 进行巢式 PCR 检测。最常对甲形虫呈阳性检测结果的昆虫是颊蝇科昆虫 Acmaeodera sp.和 Chrysobothris affinis 的幼虫,以及颊蝇科昆虫 Trichoferus campestris 的幼虫。从其虫瘿中采集的 C. affinis 和 Calchaenesthes diversicolis(啮齿目)的成虫检测结果也呈阳性。甲虫幼虫 Anthaxia sp. (Buprestidae)、Latipalpis plana (Buprestidae)、Monochamus sp. (Cerambycidae) 和 Crypticus gibbulus (Tenebrionidae) 的检测结果也呈阳性。对 P. formosus 检测呈阴性的幼虫包括 Cossidae(鳞翅目)、Elateridae(鞘翅目)、Gasteruptiidae(膜翅目)和 Syrphidae(双翅目)。未来需要进行研究,以确定这些昆虫中是否有昆虫可作为甲形虫的传播媒介。这些结果可用于针对特定昆虫进行监测。
Detection of Paecilomyces formosus in wood-boring beetles associated with oak dieback and decline in the Zagros forests of Iran
Oak dieback disease caused by the fungus Paecilomyces formosus threatens oak trees in the Zagros forests in western Iran. Various insects, such as wood-infesting beetles (Coleoptera), may play a role in dissemination of P. formosus. We collected larvae and adult insects from branch wood of oak trees with dieback symptoms in the Zagros forests. For larval identification, the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COXI) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fungal isolates from wood and insects collected from the sampled oaks were identified by morphology, acid production on creatine sucrose agar (CREA) medium, phylogeny of DNA sequence data for the β-tubulin gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA. To detect P. formosus in larvae and adult insects, we used a nested PCR assay with the species-specific primer pairs PaMF and PaMR. The insects that most often tested positive for P. formosus were larvae of the buprestids Acmaeodera sp. and Chrysobothris affinis, and larvae of the cerambycid Trichoferus campestris. Adults of C. affinis and Calchaenesthes diversicolis (Cerambycidae), which were collected from within their galleries, also tested positive. Beetle larvae of Anthaxia sp. (Buprestidae), Latipalpis plana (Buprestidae), Monochamus sp. (Cerambycidae) and Crypticus gibbulus (Tenebrionidae) also tested positive. Larvae that tested negative for P. formosus were species of Cossidae (Lepidoptera), Elateridae (Coleoptera), Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera) and Syrphidae (Diptera). Future research is needed to determine whether any of these insects can serve as vectors of P. formosus. These results can be used to target-specific insects for monitoring.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Pest Science publishes high-quality papers on all aspects of pest science in agriculture, horticulture (including viticulture), forestry, urban pests, and stored products research, including health and safety issues.
Journal of Pest Science reports on advances in control of pests and animal vectors of diseases, the biology, ethology and ecology of pests and their antagonists, and the use of other beneficial organisms in pest control. The journal covers all noxious or damaging groups of animals, including arthropods, nematodes, molluscs, and vertebrates.
Journal of Pest Science devotes special attention to emerging and innovative pest control strategies, including the side effects of such approaches on non-target organisms, for example natural enemies and pollinators, and the implementation of these strategies in integrated pest management.
Journal of Pest Science also publishes papers on the management of agro- and forest ecosystems where this is relevant to pest control. Papers on important methodological developments relevant for pest control will be considered as well.