通过非农业用水管理措施减少农业用地的碳排放、地下水过度开采和能源消耗:地表水分配系统的现代化

IF 6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Journal of Environmental Informatics Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI:10.3808/jei.202400518
P. Noorbeh, R. Stepanian, M. Noorbeh, M. Movahedinia, S. M. Hashemy Shahdany
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了减少农业部门的温室气体排放,人们已经做出了大量努力,提出了各种方法。本研究调查了地表水分配系统(SWDS)现代化对减少农业部门地下水过度开采、能源消耗和碳排放的影响。研究开发了四种现代化替代方案,包括改进的人工系统(A1、A2)、离线系统和实时自动控制系统(A3、A4),并在面临严重缺水问题的伊朗中部进行了实际测试。结果显示,通过 A1 ~ A4 备选方案,西南分水系统的运行系统现代化改善了 4 ~ 21% 的地表水分配。地表水分配的改善减少了地下水的超采。空间分析表明,由于采用了 A1 ~ A4 方案,灌区 0.075、0.100、0.281 和 0.470 的耕地面积完全由输送的地表水满足,无需抽取地下水。经核实,关闭了多处使用中的管井,半深管井达 1 668 眼,深管井达 497 眼。在替代方案 A1 ~ A4 中,西南分水岭的现代化分别带来了 5%、7%、20% 和 30% 的能源消耗,并因此减少了 1,864.90 吨碳/公顷、2,714.33 吨碳/公顷、8,427.19 吨碳/公顷和 12,674.32 吨碳/公顷的碳排放量。研究结果表明,农场外运行系统(负责将地表水从大坝水库输送和分配到农场)的现代化,通过提高地表水供应系统的可靠性和减少农民对地下水资源的依赖,产生了显著的环境效益。
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Reducing Carbon Emission, Groundwater Over-Exploitation and Energy Consumption on Agricultural Lands by Off-Farm Water Management Practices: Modernization of Surface Water Distribution Systems
A wide range of endeavors has been made to propose various approaches to reduce Greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector. The present study investigates the impacts of Surface Water Distribution Systems (SWDS) modernization in reducing groundwater overexploitation, energy consumption, and carbon emission in the agriculture sector. Four modernization alternatives, including an improved manual-based system (A1, A2), off-line, and real-time automatic control systems (A3, A4), are developed and tested on a real test case in Central Iran, which is confronted with severe water shortages. The results reveal that SWDS’s operating system modernization improves 4 ~ 21% surface water distribution through the alternatives A1 ~ A4. This surface water distribution enhancement led to groundwater over-extraction reduction. Spatial analysis reveals that 0.075, 0.100, 0.281, and 0.470 of the irrigation district’s cultivated area was thoroughly fulfilled by the delivered surface water and no need for groundwater extraction due to alternatives A1 ~ A4, respectively. Closure of several active tubewells up to 1,668 semi-deep and 497 deep tube-well were verified. SWDS’ modernization led to 5, 7, 20, and 30% of energy consumption and consequently 1,864.90, 2,714.33, 8,427.19, and 12,674.32 tC ha-1 carbon emission reduction in alternatives A1 ~ A4, respectively. This study’s results show that modernization of off-farm operating systems - responsible for surface water conveyance and distribution from a dam reservoir to farms - resulted in significant environmental benefits through improving the reliability of systems supplied by surface water and reducing the tendency of the farmers to groundwater resources.
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来源期刊
Journal of Environmental Informatics
Journal of Environmental Informatics ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
12.40
自引率
2.90%
发文量
7
审稿时长
24 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Environmental Informatics (JEI) is an international, peer-reviewed, and interdisciplinary publication designed to foster research innovation and discovery on basic science and information technology for addressing various environmental problems. The journal aims to motivate and enhance the integration of science and technology to help develop sustainable solutions that are consensus-oriented, risk-informed, scientifically-based and cost-effective. JEI serves researchers, educators and practitioners who are interested in theoretical and/or applied aspects of environmental science, regardless of disciplinary boundaries. The topics addressed by the journal include: - Planning of energy, environmental and ecological management systems - Simulation, optimization and Environmental decision support - Environmental geomatics - GIS, RS and other spatial information technologies - Informatics for environmental chemistry and biochemistry - Environmental applications of functional materials - Environmental phenomena at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales - Modeling of chemical, biological and environmental processes - Modeling of biotechnological systems for enhanced pollution mitigation - Computer graphics and visualization for environmental decision support - Artificial intelligence and expert systems for environmental applications - Environmental statistics and risk analysis - Climate modeling, downscaling, impact assessment, and adaptation planning - Other areas of environmental systems science and information technology.
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