质粒和脂滴在叶片衰老和缺氮过程中的中性脂质积累中的各自作用

IF 5.6 2区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES Journal of Experimental Botany Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1093/jxb/erae301
Denis Coulon, Houda Nacir, Delphine Bahammou, Juliette Jouhet, Jean-Jacques Bessoule, Laëtitia Fouillen, Claire Bréhélin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在非生物胁迫或衰老时,叶片中质体定位的质体小体和细胞质脂滴(这两个区室都专门储存中性脂质)的大小和/或丰度都会增加。与此同时,植物的脂质代谢也受到了干扰,特别是葡萄皮层单半乳糖酰基二乙酰甘油(MGDG)的降解和中性脂质的积累。虽然这些机制可能相互关联,但从未对它们进行过联合研究,而且质球和脂滴在植物应对胁迫过程中各自的作用也完全未知。为了解决这个问题,我们测定并比较了脂滴和质球的甘油酯组成,跟踪了它们在氮饥饿下的形成过程,并研究了拟南芥叶片的脂质代谢动力学。我们的研究结果表明,质球优先储存phytyl-酯,而三酰甘油(TAG)和甾基酯则在脂滴中积累。通过脉冲追逐标记法和脂肪酸去饱和酶 2(fad2)突变体的脂质分析,我们发现 MGDG 衍生的 C18:3 脂肪酸被导出到脂滴,而 MGDG 衍生的 C16:3 脂肪酸则储存在质球内。正如我们的电子断层扫描研究表明的那样,质体向脂滴输出脂质可能是由于这两种细胞器之间发生了物理接触。脂滴和中性脂质的积累是短暂的,这表明胁迫诱导的 TAG 在植物恢复阶段通过一种有待探索的机制被重新动员起来。
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Roles of plastoglobules and lipid droplets in leaf neutral lipid accumulation during senescence and nitrogen deprivation.

Upon abiotic stress or senescence, the size and/or abundance of plastid-localized plastoglobules and cytosolic lipid droplets, both compartments devoted to neutral lipid storage, increase in leaves. Meanwhile, plant lipid metabolism is also perturbed, notably with the degradation of thylakoidal monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and the accumulation of neutral lipids. Although these mechanisms are probably linked, they have never been jointly studied, and the respective roles of plastoglobules and lipid droplets in the plant response to stress are totally unknown. To address this question, we determined and compared the glycerolipid composition of both lipid droplets and plastoglobules, followed their formation in response to nitrogen starvation, and studied the kinetics of lipid metabolism in Arabidopsis leaves. Our results demonstrated that plastoglobules preferentially store phytyl-esters, while triacylglycerols (TAGs) and steryl-esters accumulated within lipid droplets. Thanks to a pulse-chase labeling approach and lipid analyses of the fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2) mutant, we showed that MGDG-derived C18:3 fatty acids were exported to lipid droplets, while MGDG-derived C16:3 fatty acids were stored within plastoglobules. The export of lipids from plastids to lipid droplets was probably facilitated by the physical contact occurring between both organelles, as demonstrated by our electron tomography study. The accumulation of lipid droplets and neutral lipids was transient, suggesting that stress-induced TAGs were remobilized during the plant recovery phase by a mechanism that remains to be explored.

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来源期刊
Journal of Experimental Botany
Journal of Experimental Botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
12.30
自引率
4.30%
发文量
450
审稿时长
1.9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Botany publishes high-quality primary research and review papers in the plant sciences. These papers cover a range of disciplines from molecular and cellular physiology and biochemistry through whole plant physiology to community physiology. Full-length primary papers should contribute to our understanding of how plants develop and function, and should provide new insights into biological processes. The journal will not publish purely descriptive papers or papers that report a well-known process in a species in which the process has not been identified previously. Articles should be concise and generally limited to 10 printed pages.
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