A two-step Monte Carlo algorithm for interaction between resonant ions and radio frequency waves

This paper presents a new Monte Carlo algorithm intended for use in orbit following Monte Carlo codes (OFMC) to describe resonant interaction of ions with Radio Frequency (RF) waves in axi-symmetric toroidal plasmas. The algorithm is based on a quasi-linear description of the wave–particle interaction and its effect on the distribution function of a resonating ion species. The algorithm outlined in the present paper utilises a two-step approach for the evaluation of the Monte Carlo operator that has better efficiency and a stronger convergence than the standard Euler–Maruyama scheme. The algorithm preserves the reciprocity of the diffusion process. Furthermore, it simplifies how the displacement of the resonance position, as a result of wave–particle interaction, is accounted for. Such displacements can have a noticeable effect on the deterministic part of the Monte Carlo operator. The fundamental nature of guiding centre displacements of resonant ions as a result of wave–particle interaction is reviewed.