大蜜蜂和小蜜蜂来访的时间不同会影响环斑绣线菊的授粉成功率。

IF 2.4 2区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES American Journal of Botany Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI:10.1002/ajb2.16375
Randall J. Mitchell, Dana Starvaggi, Victor Fitzgerald, Jeffrey D. Karron
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引用次数: 0

摘要

前言:大多数开花植物的异花授粉都是由移动动物在觅花时运输花粉促成的。不同访花者的贡献可能相差很大,这取决于单次访花的花粉量以及每种授粉类群的访花频率和时间:方法:我们采用了三种方法来衡量蜜蜂访问环斑含羞草的授粉价值:授粉者访谈、野外种群观察和笼养研究:结果:小型蜜蜂(主要是半翅目蜜蜂)的单次花粉传递和清除效率仅为大型蜜蜂(主要是蜂科蜜蜂)的一半。在五个野外种群中,我们发现访问和授粉的时间和空间差异很大。在大多数地点,大蜜蜂在 8:00 之前就开始活动,到 10:00-11:00 时,柱头通常已完全授粉并闭合,花药中的花粉所剩无几。小蜜蜂很少在 10:00 点之前来访。从植物中排除大蜜蜂证实,在这种生态环境下,授粉会减少和延迟:结论:大蜜蜂是M. ringens的主要传粉者,至少占种子产量的75%。大蜜蜂不仅每次访问更有效,而且在大多数情况下,它们还会在小蜜蜂开始活跃之前访问。虽然小蜜蜂通常不是林蛙的重要授粉者,但在大蜜蜂数量不足的情况下,它们有可能部分取代大蜜蜂,成为 "万无一失 "的授粉者。在授粉者数量日益减少的今天,这种后备授粉者对于维持植物的繁殖可能非常重要。
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The timing of visits by large and small bees differentially affects pollination success in Mimulus ringens

Premise

Cross-fertilization in most flowering plants is facilitated by mobile animals that transport pollen while foraging for floral rewards. The contributions of different visitors can vary widely, depending on the amount of pollen transferred during a single visit and on the frequency and timing of the visits of each pollinator taxon.

Methods

We used three approaches to measure the pollination value of bees that visit Mimulus ringens: pollinator interviews, field population observations, and caging studies.

Results

The single-visit effectiveness of small bees (primarily Halictidae) was only half that of larger bees (primarily Bombus) for pollen delivery and removal. In five field populations, we found substantial temporal and spatial variation in visitation and pollination. In most sites big bees were active before 08:00 hours, and by 10:00–11:00 hours, stigmas were usually fully pollinated and closed, and little pollen remained in anthers. Small bees seldom visited before 10:00 hours. Excluding big bees from plants confirmed that pollination is reduced and delayed in this ecological context.

Conclusions

Big bees are the primary pollinators of M. ringens, accounting for at least 75% of seed production. Not only are they more effective per visit, in most situations they also visit before small bees become active. Although small bees are not usually important pollinators of M. ringens, they have the potential to partially replace them as a “fail-safe” pollinator in contexts where big bees are not abundant. In a world where pollinator abundance is declining, such backup pollinators may be important for maintaining plant reproduction.

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来源期刊
American Journal of Botany
American Journal of Botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
171
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Botany (AJB), the flagship journal of the Botanical Society of America (BSA), publishes peer-reviewed, innovative, significant research of interest to a wide audience of plant scientists in all areas of plant biology (structure, function, development, diversity, genetics, evolution, systematics), all levels of organization (molecular to ecosystem), and all plant groups and allied organisms (cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and lichens). AJB requires authors to frame their research questions and discuss their results in terms of major questions of plant biology. In general, papers that are too narrowly focused, purely descriptive, natural history, broad surveys, or that contain only preliminary data will not be considered.
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