Modelling gravity-driven aqueous humour flow and drug delivery in Descemet’s membrane detachment

Topical medications are common initial treatments for Descemet’s membrane detachment (DMD). It is crucial to understand the aqueous humour (AH) flow and drug transport to facilitate the DMD treatment. This paper presents a mathematical model to analyse AH flow and drug transport in the anterior of the human eye considering gravity orientation effects. Utilizing the finite element method, the model couples AH flow dynamics, temperature-induced buoyancy, and drug transport by convection-diffusion. COMSOL Multiphysics is used to simulate the spatial-temporal distribution of AH and drugs delivery. The findings indicate that the eye positioning influences the directional flow of AH, due to temperature differences, and impacts the delivery of drug concentrations. It is also discovered that eye drops diffuse faster due to tear turnover in the eye yet more eye ointment is delivered as it has a longer contact time in the cornea. By understanding the AH flow and transport process, this proposed model may offer appropriate guidelines for optimizing DMD treatment under various forms of topical drugs and eye positions.