土壤水分耗竭对鹰嘴豆(Cicer arietinum L.)Desi 基因型的各种产量成分和催荚用水量的影响

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI:10.1111/jac.12734
Muhammad Naveed, Urmil Bansal, Brent Norman Kaiser
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引用次数: 0

摘要

鹰嘴豆能很好地适应雨养条件,但生育期缺水会导致结荚率降低,最终导致谷物减产。造成这种减产的确切原因尚不完全清楚,部分原因是缺乏有关结荚期土壤含水量(SMC)和水分利用的信息。本研究旨在利用土壤水分可渗透性(FTSW)方法,量化逐渐干旱对 desi-type 基因型各种产量成分的影响,从而填补这一知识空白。在花期开始时施加了两种水分处理:水分充足(WW)和干旱胁迫(DS)。WW 保持 24% 的 SMC,而 DS 则干燥至 3% SMC。结果表明,干旱胁迫导致结荚期提前(减少 3.3 天),植株高度(11.4 厘米)、叶面积(1249.5 平方厘米)、花朵(18.6 朵)、豆荚(27.4 个)、种子(37.0 粒)、谷物产量(0.2 克)、地上部干生物量(11.4 克)和收获指数(0.2 克)减少,同时花朵凋落量(14.6 朵)和种子生物量(1.5 克)增加。然而,对处理以及用水量、FTSW 和 SMC 的基因型反应各不相同,引发的结荚率分别为 1.12 至 1.89 L、0.05 至 0.43 和 4.0% 至 12.2%。结荚天数与结荚用水量之间呈正相关,表明 Rupali 和 Genesis 836 等触发较快的基因型结荚耗水量少于 Flipper、ICCV_06109 和 PBA Slasher。相反,用水量与结荚数、种子和谷物产量之间的负相关说明了 Rupali 和 Genesis 836 的优异表现。这些基因型在结荚时抽取的水分较少(FTSW = 0.36 和 0.43;SMC = 10.3% 和 12.2%),并能在较低蒸腾速率下长时间保持良好的光合作用,从而能更有效地利用剩余水分。我们的研究为育种家和生理学家提供了有益的重要见解,为今后旨在开发耐旱基因型的研究铺平了道路。
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Impact of Soil Moisture Depletion on Various Yield Components and Water Usage to Trigger Pods in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Desi Genotypes

Chickpeas are well adapted to rainfed conditions, but a lack of moisture during the reproductive phase can result in lower pod setting and ultimately reduced grain yield. The exact reasons for this reduction are not fully understood, partly because of the lack of information on soil moisture content (SMC) and water use during podding. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by quantifying the impact of gradual drought on various yield components of desi-type genotypes using the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) method. Two water treatments were applied at the start of anthesis: well-watered (WW) and drought-stressed (DS). The WW was maintained at 24% SMC, whereas the DS was dried to 3% SMC. The results showed that DS caused early podding (3.3 days less), with reductions in plant height (11.4 cm), leaf area (1249.5 cm2), flowers (18.6), pods (27.4), seeds (37.0), grain yield (0.2 g), aboveground dry biomass (11.4 g) and harvest index (0.2 g), while increasing flower abortion (14.6) and seed biomass (1.5 g). However, diverse genotypic responses were observed to treatments, as well as water usage, FTSW and SMC that triggered pods which ranged from 1.12 to 1.89 L, 0.05 to 0.43 and 4.0% to 12.2%, respectively. A positive association between days taken and the amount of water used to terminate pods indicated that quicker-triggering genotypes, such as Rupali and Genesis 836, consumed less water to develop pods than Flipper, ICCV_06109 and PBA Slasher did. Conversely, the negative association between the amount of water used and the number of pods triggered, seeds and grain yield explained the superior performance of Rupali and Genesis 836. These genotypes extracted less water (FTSW = 0.36 and 0.43; SMC = 10.3% and 12.2%, respectively) to develop pods and maintained favourable photosynthesis at lower transpiration rates for longer periods, allowing them to use residual moisture more efficiently. Our research offers crucial insights that can be beneficial to breeders and physiologists, paving the way for future studies aimed at developing drought-tolerant genotypes.

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来源期刊
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
5.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
7.8 months
期刊介绍: The effects of stress on crop production of agricultural cultivated plants will grow to paramount importance in the 21st century, and the Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science aims to assist in understanding these challenges. In this context, stress refers to extreme conditions under which crops and forages grow. The journal publishes original papers and reviews on the general and special science of abiotic plant stress. Specific topics include: drought, including water-use efficiency, such as salinity, alkaline and acidic stress, extreme temperatures since heat, cold and chilling stress limit the cultivation of crops, flooding and oxidative stress, and means of restricting them. Special attention is on research which have the topic of narrowing the yield gap. The Journal will give preference to field research and studies on plant stress highlighting these subsections. Particular regard is given to application-oriented basic research and applied research. The application of the scientific principles of agricultural crop experimentation is an essential prerequisite for the publication. Studies based on field experiments must show that they have been repeated (at least three times) on the same organism or have been conducted on several different varieties.
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