高标准农田建设政策对中国粮食收成损失的影响

Land Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI:10.3390/land13071058
Nanyan Hu, Yonghao Hu, Yi Luo, Laping Wu
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摘要

2015 年,联合国将减少收获损失列为可持续发展目标,从而引发了研究人员和政策制定者对减少损失以确保粮食安全的浓厚兴趣。高标准农田建设在确保粮食安全方面发挥着至关重要的作用。很少有研究将高标准农田建设与粮食收获损失结合起来。本研究以 2022 年中国粮食收获后损失调查(CPHLS 2022)数据为基础,利用 OLS(普通最小二乘法)和量化回归模型,探讨了高标准农田建设对粮食收获损失的影响。实证结果表明,高标准农田建设能显著降低粮食收成损失。在通过一系列稳健性检验后,研究结论仍然有效。异质性分析表明,高标准农田建设对粮食主产区、平原地区和东部地区农户的粮食收成损失有显著影响。机理分析表明,高标准农田建设主要通过扩大经营规模和提高机械化应用水平来降低粮食收获损失。根据研究结果,中国政府应制定有针对性的高标准农田建设政策,优化农机作业环境,促进适度作业规模,确保国家粮食安全。
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The Effect of High-Standard Farmland Construction Policy on Grain Harvest Losses in China
The United Nations included reducing harvest losses as a Sustainable Development Goal in 2015, sparking heightened research and policymaker interest in reducing losses to ensure food security. High-standard farmland construction plays a crucial role in ensuring food security. Few studies have combined high-standard farmland construction with grain harvest losses. Drawing on the data from the 2022 Chinese Post-Harvest Loss Survey (CPHLS 2022), the study utilizes OLS (ordinary least square) and quantile regression models to explore the impact of high-standard farmland construction on grain harvest losses. Empirical results show that high-standard farmland construction can significantly reduce grain harvest losses. The research conclusions are still valid after passing a series of robustness tests. The heterogeneity analysis shows that high-standard farmland construction significantly impacts on grain harvest losses for farmers in major grain-producing areas, plain areas, and eastern regions. Mechanism analysis reveals that high-standard farmland construction mainly reduces grain harvest losses by expanding operational scale and enhancing mechanization application. Based on research findings, the Chinese government should formulate a targeted high-standard farmland construction policy, optimize the agricultural machinery operating environment, and promote appropriate operational scale to ensure national food security.
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