山楂可溶性膳食纤维通过改善肠道菌群和炎症,从而调节小鼠的水蒸素离子通路,缓解盐酸洛哌丁胺诱发的便秘症状

Foods Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI:10.3390/foods13142220
Henghui Zhang, Qixin Zu, Jiancai Zhang, Suwen Liu, Guohua Zhang, Xuedong Chang, Xiaojun Li
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摘要

膳食纤维可被肠道微生物群发酵利用,重塑肠道微生物群,从而缓解便秘。本实验主要研究山楂可溶性膳食纤维(HSDF)的理化功能及其缓解小鼠便秘的作用和机制。实验将 45 只小鼠分为空白对照组 C、模型组 M、阳性对照 HS 组、低剂量 LHSDF 组(1 g/kg/bw)和高剂量 HHSDF 组(2 g/kg/bw)。小鼠以每公斤体重 10 毫克盐酸洛哌丁胺的剂量进行为期 7 天的模型试验,其余各组则口服等量的蒸馏水和试验样品。连续灌胃 45 天后,我们进行了肠蠕动测试,然后继续灌胃 7 天,并进行了小肠推进测试和指标测试。结果表明,HSDF 主要由半乳糖醛酸组成,属于 I 型晶体结构,表面疏松似雪花,分子量小,具有很强的保水和抗氧化能力。动物实验表明,与 M 组相比,HSDF 能显著上调 AQP3 和 AQP8,上调幅度分别为 52.67% 和 164.54%,下调 AQP9 蛋白表达 45.88%,从而促进肠道蠕动。它还能提高胃肠道中 MTL、GAS 和 SP 等兴奋性激素的水平,降低 SS、NO 和 MDA 等抑制性激素的水平,从而缓解便秘。此外,HSDF 还能降低 IL-6 和 PL-1 β 等炎症因子的水平,增加各种短链脂肪酸的含量,缓解肠道炎症,保持肠道完整性,促进排便。它还能促进益生菌(如 Bacteroides)的生长,抑制有害菌(如双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌)的生长,改变肠道微生物群的多样性。
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Soluble Dietary Fiber of Hawthorn Relieves Constipation Induced by Loperamide Hydrochloride by Improving Intestinal Flora and Inflammation, Thereby Regulating the Aquaporin Ion Pathway in Mice
Dietary fiber can be fermented and utilized by gut microbiota to reshape the gut microbiota, thereby alleviating constipation. This experiment mainly studied the physicochemical functions of hawthorn soluble dietary fiber (HSDF)and its effect and mechanism in alleviating constipation in mice. Forty-five mice were divided into blank control group C, model group M, positive control HS group, low-dose LHSDF group (1 g/kg/bw), and high-dose HHSDF group (2 g/kg/bw). The mice were modeled at a dose of 10 mg/kg/bw of loperamide hydrochloride for 7 days, while the remaining groups were orally administered an equal amount of distilled water and test samples. After continuous gavage for 45 days we performed a bowel movement test, and then continued gavage for 7 days and performed a small intestine propulsion test and indicator testing. The results showed that HSDF is mainly composed of galacturonic acid, belonging to the type I crystal structure, with a loose surface resembling a snowflake, a small molecular weight, and strong water-holding and antioxidant abilities. Animal experiments showed that compared with group M, HSDF significantly upregulated AQP3 and AQP8 by 52.67% and 164.54%, respectively, and downregulated AQP9 protein expression by 45.88%, thereby promoting intestinal peristalsis. It can also alleviate constipation by increasing the levels of excitatory hormones such as MTL, GAS, and SP in the gastrointestinal tract, and reducing the levels of inhibitory hormones such as SS, NO, and MDA. In addition, HSDF can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and PL-1 β, increase the content of various short-chain fatty acids, alleviate intestinal inflammation, maintain intestinal integrity, and promote defecation. It can also promote the growth of probiotics such as Bacteroides, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, and alter the diversity of gut microbiota.
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