在集体自用的情况下整合大学校园图书馆大楼生产的可再生能源

Energies Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.3390/en17143405
Ivo Araújo, Leonel J. R. Nunes, David Patíño Vilas, A. Curado
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摘要

化石燃料成本的上升和对环境的担忧正在推动人们寻找新能源,特别是可再生能源。在这些能源中,太阳能光伏发电(PV)在南欧国家最有前途,主要是通过使用分散式光伏发电系统,在靠近需求点的地方发电,主要满足当地的能源需求。在城市中,分散式能源系统通常与电网并网运行,将多余的电力输入电网。太阳能车棚和屋顶系统是分布式光伏系统的绝佳范例,由于不争夺土地使用权,它们比大型集中式系统更具可持续性。尽管这些分散式光伏发电厂具有运行优势,但它们在大多数情况下都由特定的能效计划提供资金,在一个受法律和支持计划限制向电网注入能源的规范市场中,这些分散式光伏发电厂面临着挑战。这项工作的目的是在一个学术园区内整合两个不同的光伏系统,该园区目前唯一的光伏资源是一个太阳能停车场,该解决方案既能为车辆提供遮阳空间,又能生产能源供设施内使用。由于法律限制,多余的电力不能出售给国家电网,而用于储存所发电能的太阳能电池价格昂贵且寿命短。因此,由于校园有两个不同的电网连接和一个 102.37 kWp 的光伏发电系统,新设计的安装在图书馆屋顶的系统必须经过计算,在最关键的工作时间内支持已安装的电力系统,确定太阳能电池板的具体角度和方向。在此基础上,校园能源管理对于创建一个集体自我消费系统至关重要,它是当地能源社区的基础,能够满足能源、环境和社会目标。
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Integrating Renewable Energy Produced by a Library Building on a University Campus in a Scenario of Collective Self-Consumption
Rising fossil fuel costs and environmental concerns are driving the search for new energy sources, particularly renewable energy. Among these sources, solar photovoltaic (PV) is the most promising in southern European countries, mainly through the use of decentralised PV systems designed to produce electricity close to the point of demand and primarily to meet local energy needs. In an urban scenario, a decentralised energy system usually operates in parallel with the grid, allowing excess power generated to be injected into the grid. Solar carports and rooftop systems are excellent examples of distributed photovoltaic systems, which are far more sustainable than large centralised systems because they do not compete for land use. Despite their operational advantages, these decentralised photovoltaic production plants, which are in most cases financed by specific energy efficiency programs, present challenges in a regulated market where the injection of energy into the electricity grid is restricted by law and support programs. The aim of this work is to integrate two different photovoltaic systems within an academic campus where the only PV source currently available is a solar car park, a solution designed both to provide shaded space for vehicles and to produce energy to be consumed within the facilities. Due to legal restrictions, surplus electricity cannot be sold to the national grid, and solar batteries to store the generated energy are expensive and have a short lifespan. Therefore, since the campus has two different grid connections and a 102.37 kWp PV system, the newly designed system to be installed on the library roof must be calculated to support the installed electricity system during the most critical working hours, determining the specific angle and orientation of the solar panels. On this basis, the energy management of a school campus is fundamental to creating a collective self-consumption system, the basis of a local energy community that can meet energy, environmental, and social objectives.
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