植物生命史数据是银杏林历史上混合严重性火灾机制的证据

IF 0.9 4区 生物学 Q4 PLANT SCIENCES Australian Journal of Botany Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI:10.1071/bt23098
Russell G. Miller, Neal J. Enright, Joseph B. Fontaine, David J. Merritt, Ben P. Miller
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景 火灾机制的概念对于了解和管理全球易发生火灾的生态系统至关重要,有关过去火灾机制的信息可为了解物种对干扰的适应性提供有用的信息。虽然卫星图像或古生态学替代数据的观测结果可以为过去、殖民前的火灾机制提供直接证据,但它们的时间或空间分辨率可能有限,而且并非适用于所有生态系统。然而,与火灾相关的植物性状和人口统计数据为在生态系统尺度上了解物种与火灾机制的关系提供了另一种方法。目的 我们旨在量化澳大利亚西南部易发生火灾的地中海气候银杏林地中六种共生灌木和乔木物种的生命史策略及相关火灾机制。方法 我们收集了距离上次火灾不同时间地点的大小结构、幼苗新陈代谢和植物死亡率等静态人口统计学数据。我们将人口统计学数据与与火灾相关的关键物种特征相结合,以确定植物的生命史策略。然后,我们将观察到的生命史与先验预期的地表、立地替代和混合严重性火烧-退化类型进行比较,以推断历史上火烧-退化的关联。主要结果 被火烧死的灌木和弱锯齿乔木在火烧后有大量的幼苗吸收,但在无火时期也会通过火烧间的幼苗吸收形成多群种群。重新萌发的灌木在任何时候,甚至在火灾后,都很少有幼苗补充,而且在长期无火的情况下也没有衰退的迹象,这可能是由于它们的寿命很长。结论 这六种共生物种的生活史策略的变化与已知的生态策略一致,即在混合严重程度的火灾机制中应对火灾间隔的高度变化。重新萌发和强烈的火后幼苗更新表明它们能够承受较短的火灾间隔,而火灾间歇期的更新和较弱的蚕丝被则被解释为一种对冲策略,以应对偶尔出现的长时间无火期,否则这些无火期可能会超过成虫和种子库的寿命。影响 我们的研究结果表明,银杏林地是在混合严重程度的火灾机制中随着高度多变的火灾间隔进化而来的。进一步研究物种对不同火灾规模和斑块的适应性,有助于加深我们对火灾机制耐受性的理解。
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Plant life-history data as evidence of an historical mixed-severity fire regime in Banksia Woodlands
Context The concept of the fire regime is central to understanding and managing fire-prone ecosystems globally, and information on past regimes can provide useful insights into species disturbance adaptations. Although observations from satellite imagery or palaeoecological proxy data can provide direct evidence of past, pre-colonial fire regimes, they may be limited in temporal or spatial resolution and are not available for all ecosystems. However, fire-related plant-trait and demographic data offer an alternative approach to understand species–fire regime associations at the ecosystem scale. Aims We aimed to quantify the life-history strategies and associated fire regimes for six co-occurring shrub and tree species from fire-prone, Mediterranean-climate Banksia Woodlands in south-western Australia. Methods We collected static demographic data on size structure, seedling recruitment, and plant mortality across sites of varying time since last fire. We combined demographic data with key fire-related species traits to define plant life-history strategies. We then compared observed life histories with a priori expectations for surface, stand-replacing, and mixed-severity fire-regime types to infer historical fire-regime associations. Key results Fire-killed shrubs and weakly serotinous trees had abundant post-fire seedling recruitment, but also developed multi-cohort populations during fire-free periods via inter-fire seedling recruitment. Resprouting shrubs had little seedling recruitment at any time, even following fire, and showed no signs of decline in the long absence of fire, likely owing to their very long lifespans. Conclusions The variation in life-history strategies for these six co-occurring species is consistent with known ecological strategies to cope with high variation in fire intervals in a mixed-severity fire regime. Whereas resprouting and strong post-fire seedling recruitment indicate a tolerance of shorter fire intervals, inter-fire recruitment and weak serotiny are interpreted as a bet-hedging strategy to cope with occasional long fire-free periods that may otherwise exceed adult and seed-bank lifespans. Implications Our findings suggested that Banksia Woodlands have evolved with highly variable fire intervals in a mixed-severity fire regime. Further investigations of species adaptations to varying fire size and patchiness can help extend our understanding of fire-regime tolerances.
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来源期刊
Australian Journal of Botany
Australian Journal of Botany 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
18.20%
发文量
26
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Australian Journal of Botany is an international journal for publication of original research in plant science. We seek papers of broad interest with relevance to Southern Hemisphere ecosystems. Our scope encompasses all approaches to understanding plant biology. Australian Journal of Botany is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
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