Enhanced Ultra-Wideband Communication System with OFDM Modulation: Performance Analysis in LOS and NLOS Conditions

Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems, employing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, are renowned for their high data rates, low power consumption, and robust performance in multipath environments. However, these systems face significant challenges in varying propagation conditions, specifically under Line-of-Sight (LOS) and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) scenarios. In LOS conditions, the signal travels directly from the transmitter to the receiver without obstructions, typically resulting in optimal performance characterized by high transmission efficiency, strong Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), low Bit Error Rate (BER), and maximum throughput. Conversely, NLOS conditions involve obstructions and reflections that cause multipath propagation and signal degradation. This leads to reduced transmission efficiency, lower SNR, higher BER, and diminished throughput. This study examines the performance of an UWB communication system using OFDM modulation in both LOS and NLOS conditions. The performance metrics evaluated include transmission efficiency, SNR,BER, and throughput. In LOS conditions, the system demonstrates high transmission efficiency, superior SNR, minimal BER, and maximum throughput due to the unobstructed signal path. In contrast, NLOS conditions result in decreased transmission efficiency, lower SNR, increased BER, and reduced throughput due to signal attenuation and multipath effects. These findings highlight the significant impact of environmental conditions on UWB-OFDM system performance and underscore the importance of optimizing such systems for reliable communication in varied deployment scenarios.