Exploring Determinants and Challenges of Job Satisfaction in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET): A Systematic Review

The significance of job satisfaction in educational settings is well-documented. However, TVET environments present unique challenges that necessitate a focused investigation. This review draws upon a comprehensive search of academic databases to synthesize relevant studies from diverse geographic and TVET institutional contexts. The aim is to delineate the predominant determinants and challenges affecting job satisfaction among TVET educators. By conducting a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique, literature from Scopus and Google Scholar was extracted and examined using specific keywords related to job satisfaction challenges. A total of n=18 primary data were identified and analysed, leading to the emergence of three main themes: (1) determinants of job satisfaction, (2) potential, and challenges and 3) recommendations and suggestions. The review emphasizes various approaches and techniques affecting job satisfaction issues, identifies gaps in the existing literature, and suggests future research directions to explore the possibilities and challenges associated with outcome-based education in TVET. The insights from this review are poised to inform policy formulation, institutional strategies, and professional development initiatives aimed at enhancing job satisfaction and creating a conducive environment for effective teaching and learning in TVET education.