制药业的经济视角:市场动态和药品定价

I. Borysiuk, Mariia Shevchenko, Anna Tiutiunnyk, Polina Kovalenco, Nataliia Surtaieva
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摘要

背景:分析现代医药市场对于做出管理决策、制定战略和确保该行业的竞争力至关重要。目的:确定制药业的各种经济因素对市场条件的影响,开发制药市场成本形成的经济合理领域。材料和方法:对 Scopus、Web of Science、Medline 和 Google Scholar 等检索数据库中的科学出版物进行了系统审查。使用的统计研究方法有观察法、指数法和回归分析法。采用了基准分析和解释的方法。研究结果通过对科学家和医生发表的著作进行详细研究,发现了医药市场在形成医药产品成本方面存在的关键问题。对全球和各个国家的药品使用情况进行了研究,发现了全球医药市场收入增长的趋势。总结了医药行业形成定价模型的主要方法。重点介绍了欧盟关于药品注册、生产、销售和质量控制立法的形成特点。介绍了世界上某些国家报销计划的运作特点。对乌克兰和欧盟的医药市场经济进行了基准分析。结论:概述了改进现代医药市场定价政策的主要方向。已经确定,形成医药产品成本的主要方向是研发费用、销售成本和专利费用、营销和广告、监管和许可程序以及市场竞争。
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Economic perspectives in pharmaceuticals: market dynamics and pricing of medications
Background: Analysing the modern pharmaceutical market is crucial for making management decisions, forming strategies, and ensuring competitiveness in this sector. Aim: Determination of the impact of various economic factors of the pharmaceutical industry on market conditions and development of economically justified areas of cost formation in the pharmaceutical market. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of scientific publications in the search databases Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, and Google Scholar was conducted. Statistical research methods used are observation, index and regression analysis. The methods of benchmarking analysis and interpretation were applied. Results: A detailed examination of published works by scientists and doctors has highlighted critical problems in forming the cost of medicinal products in the pharmaceutical market. The use of medicines worldwide and in individual countries has been considered, and a trend of increasing revenue in the global pharmaceutical market has been identified. The main approaches to forming pricing models in the pharmaceutical industry have been summarised. The peculiarities of the formation of EU legislation on the registration, production, sale, and quality control of medicinal products have been highlighted. The characteristics of the functioning of reimbursement programmes in certain countries worldwide have been described. A benchmarking analysis of the pharmaceutical market economy in Ukraine and the European Union has been conducted. Conclusions: The main directions for improving pricing policy in the modern pharmaceutical market have been outlined. It has been established that the main directions for forming the cost of medicinal products are expenses on research and development, costs of goods sold and patent expenses, marketing and advertising, regulatory and permitting procedures, and market competition.
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