"你得靠自己了,孩子":对澳大利亚大学留学生心理健康战略的批判性分析

M. Peterie, G. Ramia, Alex Broom, Isabella Choi, Matthew Brett, Leah Williams Veazey
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摘要

在澳大利亚的大学生中,心理健康问题日益严重。其中,留学生尤为脆弱。与国内学生相比,澳大利亚留学生享有的社会权利较少,他们面临的社会孤立、就业剥削、住房不稳定、经济无保障、种族主义和歧视等风险也较高。当出现心理健康问题时,留学生获得支持服务的可能性也低于国内学生。在这一问题不断升级的背景下,本文对澳大利亚大学针对留学生心理健康的政策方针进行了批判性分析。我们要问:(a) 有多少大学公开发布了此类政策;(b) 这些政策是如何理解并设法解决留学生心理困扰问题的?通过对公开发布的大学心理健康策略的文献分析,我们发现,在这些文献中,留学生的心理健康问题通常被归结为个人问题,将培养 "抗压能力 "和/或寻求帮助的责任放在学生个人身上。利用有关集体制造(心理)健康和疾病的理论见解,我们提醒说,这种将学生的痛苦个人化的做法,使经济剥削和忽视的逻辑自然化和非政治化,而这些正是造成许多留学生心理健康问题的根源。
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“You're on your own, kid”: A critical analysis of Australian universities' international student mental health strategies
Mental ill‐health is a serious and growing problem among university students in Australia. Within this cohort, international students are particularly vulnerable. International students in Australia have fewer social rights than domestic students and are at elevated risk of social isolation, exploitation in employment, precarious housing, financial insecurity, and racism and discrimination. When mental health challenges arise, international students are also less likely than their domestic counterparts to access support services. Against the backdrop of this escalating problem, this article presents a critical analysis of Australian universities' policy approaches to international student mental health. We ask: (a) How many universities have such policies publicly available, and (b) how do these policies understand and seek to address the problem of international student distress? Drawing on a documentary analysis of publicly available university mental health strategies, we find that—in the comparatively rare cases where such documents exist—international students' mental ill‐health is generally framed in these documents as an individual concern, placing the onus on individual students to develop “resilience” and/or seek out help. Leveraging theoretical insights concerning the collective production of (mental) health and illness, we caution that this individualisation of student distress naturalises and depoliticises the logics of financial exploitation and neglect that contribute to many international students' mental health problems to begin with.
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