利用射流风机系统加强地下停车场的烟雾管理,重点关注死角区域

Saeed Hazrati Chakheirlou, Abdolnaser Omrani, Behnam Heydari Param, Roghayyeh Motallebzadeh
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摘要

本研究深入探讨了火灾期间在地下停车场结构中利用射流风机进行烟雾管理的问题,重点是通过创新的射流风机设计,加强对死角附近关键区域的烟雾控制。通过分析气流模式和计算流体动力学模拟,该研究旨在有效控制烟雾并防止其扩散到未受影响的区域。研究结果强调了停车场布局设计在通风策略和烟尘扩散率方面的重要性。改变喷气式风扇出口的向下方向,可将相当一部分烟雾限制在停车设施内。此外,设计中提出的加宽射流风扇出口的建议,也能加强烟雾向各个方向的疏散。按照英国标准(BS),在停车场结构内执行了两种危险探测方案,其中一种方案模拟了火灾点火源。所选场景考虑了地下停车场内所有逃生路线和疏散程序,并以建筑规格为基础。通过使用 OpenFOAM 软件和浮力布辛qPimpleFOAM 求解器,该研究评估了这种方法的有效性,使气流不规则性减少了 30% 以上。研究还为设计人员提供了宝贵的见解,帮助他们更好地理解喷气式风机的设计,为特定区域推荐量身定制的设计。这项研究为设计人员优化射流风机配置以有效控制地下停车场的烟雾提供了实用指导。
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Enhancing smoke management in underground parking areas using jet fan systems with a focus on dead-end areas
This study delves into the utilization of jet fans in underground parking structures for smoke management during fires, with a specific focus on enhancing smoke control near critical areas adjacent to dead-end sections through innovative jet fan designs. Through the analysis of airflow patterns and computational fluid dynamic simulations, the research aims to effectively contain smoke and prevent its dispersion to unaffected zones. Findings underscore the significance of parking layout designs in ventilation strategies and soot dispersion rates. Altering the downward orientation of the jet fan outlet results in a notable portion of smoke being confined within the parking facility. Additionally, widening the jet fan outlet, as proposed in the design, can enhance smoke evacuation in all directions. Two hazard detection scenarios were executed within the parking structure following the British standard (BS), with one scenario simulated as a fire ignition source. The chosen scenario considers all escape routes and evacuation procedures within the underground parking area based on architectural specifications. By employing OpenFOAM software with the buoyantBoussinesqPimpleFOAM solver, the study assesses the efficacy of this approach, achieving a reduction in airflow irregularities of over 30%. It also provides valuable insights for designers to refine their comprehension of jet fan design, recommending tailored designs for specific zones. This research offers practical guidance for designers to optimize jet fan configurations for effective smoke control in underground parking facilities.
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