Three-dimensional fault model and features of chained hazards of the Luding MS 6.8 earthquake, Sichuan Province, China

The M_S 6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022 is located on the NNW-trending Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault with left-lateral strike-slip behavior. This area is where the Xianshuihe, Anninghe, Daliangshan and Longmenshan faults intersect. China Earthquake Administration has identified that intersection area, among the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault, the Anninghe fault, the Daliangshan fault and the southern part of the Longmenshan fault, as a high-magnitude earthquake hazard area. According to existing data on the Luding earthquake, including the focal parameters, the spatial distribution of re-located aftershocks, dominated azimuth of the earthquake intensities and earthquake-induced ground fissures, we built a 3D earthquake fault model. We found that two discontinuous NNW-trending vertical strike-slip faults with left stepping were the seismogenic faults of the Luding earthquake. Its coseismic left-lateral dislocation triggered transtensional slips and aftershocks on the NW-trending secondary faults at its northernmost tensile area. Meanwhile, local crustal coseismic shortening on the side of Mt. Gongga triggered the aftershocks on the NE- and NW-trending secondary conjugated strike-slip faults, which were confirmed by GNSS observations and InSAR deformation field around the epicenter. This earthquake rupturing pattern also controlled the spatial distribution of the earthquake intensity IX area and earthquake chain hazards. The Coulomb stress calculation shows that the Luding earthquake increases the risk of high-magnitude earthquake occurrence on the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and the Anninghe fault. Finally, we suggested doing good monitoring of the Anninghe fault and the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and avoiding active faults with seismogenic capacity and areas prone to earthquake-chained hazards during the site selection and planning of reconstruction.