标题描述野生动物-家畜界面特征的方法框架:西班牙大陆的野猪案例

IF 2.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Preventive veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2024.106280
Carmen Ruiz-Rodríguez , José A. Blanco-Aguiar , Javier Fernández-López , Pelayo Acevedo , Vidal Montoro , Sonia Illanas , Alfonso Peralbo-Moreno , Cesar Herraiz , Joaquín Vicente
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景以精确的空间分辨率表示野生动物-牲畜界面(WLI)是一项挑战。我们的目标是开发一个标准化、适用且可扩展的方法框架,用于描述和描述大空间范围内的野生动物-家畜界面。随后,我们将根据野猪(Sus scrofa)和家养蹄类动物的数量所决定的不同流行病学情况,采用这一框架来描述具体的 WLI,并以西班牙大陆为例进行说明。我们利用了西班牙大陆的野猪狩猎数据以及猪、牛、绵羊和山羊养殖场的位置数据。从这一综合数据集中衍生出新的变量,以说明野猪与家养物种之间的丰度重叠。最后,对生成的变量进行了聚类分析,目的是区分和描述西班牙大陆野猪与家养有蹄类动物交界处的各种情况。结果事实证明,六边形网格适合在如此广阔的范围内以精细的空间分辨率表示和评估 WLI。尽管无法为特定区域确定主要的家畜类型和生产系统,但我们还是确定了 15 个主要的重叠区域。对于通常与野猪发生冲突风险最高的广泛饲养的牲畜,西班牙的主要地区是那些拥有 dehesa 农业生态系统的地区和大西洋地区。某些情况在相互作用和随后的疾病传播风险方面尤为重要,例如西班牙西南部(dehesa 农业生态系统)的大规模养猪业,该地区尤其担心非洲猪瘟(ASF)可能会传入该国。讨论与结论我们提供了一个可视化和理解不同 WLI 情况的基础,该基础可扩展到其他地区和界面,并可在有野生动物和牲畜精确数据源的情况下实现自动化。这种空间统计框架能够利用高分辨率数据,确保统一网格的一致性。这符合基于野生动物行为的高分辨率疾病传播模型的需求。这些方面对于在国家和国际层面开展风险评估、改进预防、控制和根除 ASF 等共同优先新发疾病的战略至关重要。
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A methodological framework to characterize the wildlife-livestock interface: The case of wild boar in mainland Spain

Background

The representation of wildlife-livestock interface (WLI) at an accurate spatial resolution poses several challenges. Furthermore, there is a lack of published material providing detailed descriptions of geospatial techniques for the purpose of producing visual results that are interpretable and contrastable for epidemiological analysis.

Objectives

Our aim is to develop a standardized, applicable, and scalable methodological framework for describing and characterizing the WLI across a large spatial extent. Subsequently, we aim to employ this framework to depict specific WLI based on different epidemiological scenarios determined by the abundance of wild boar (Sus scrofa) and domestic ungulates as an illustrative case, specifically focusing on mainland Spain.

Methods

To establish a methodological framework, we merged data from both wild and domestic sources into a hexagonal grid. We utilized data on wild boar hunting and the locations of pig, cattle, sheep, and goat farms in mainland Spain. New variables were derived from this combined dataset to illustrate the overlapping abundance between wild boar and domestic species. Finally, a cluster analysis of the generated variables was carried out, with the aim of distinguishing and characterizing various scenarios of the wild boar-domestic ungulate interface in mainland Spain.

Results

The hexagonal grid proved appropriate to represent and evaluate the WLI at fine spatial resolution over such broad extent. Despite the inability to ascribe a dominant livestock type and production system to a specific region, we were able to identify fifteen main areas of interest in terms of overlap. As for extensive livestock, normally at the highest risk of interaction with wild boar, the primary regions in Spain were those with dehesa agroecosystem and the Atlantic areas. Certain scenarios were particularly relevant in terms of risk for interaction and subsequent transmission of disease, namely, the case of extensive pig production in south western Spain (dehesa agroecosystem), which is especially concerned about the potential introduction of African Swine fever (ASF) in the Country.

Discussion and conclusions

We provide a basis for visualizing and understanding of different WLI scenarios, which is extensible to other regions and interfaces, and automatable where precise source of data from wildlife and livestock are available. This spatial statistics framework enables the utilization of high-resolution data, ensuring consistency on uniform grids. This aligns with the needs of high-resolution disease dissemination models based on wildlife behaviour. Such aspects are crucial for developing risk assessment and improving strategies for the prevention, control, and eradication of shared priority emerging diseases at national and international levels, such as ASF.

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来源期刊
Preventive veterinary medicine
Preventive veterinary medicine 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
7.70%
发文量
184
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Preventive Veterinary Medicine is one of the leading international resources for scientific reports on animal health programs and preventive veterinary medicine. The journal follows the guidelines for standardizing and strengthening the reporting of biomedical research which are available from the CONSORT, MOOSE, PRISMA, REFLECT, STARD, and STROBE statements. The journal focuses on: Epidemiology of health events relevant to domestic and wild animals; Economic impacts of epidemic and endemic animal and zoonotic diseases; Latest methods and approaches in veterinary epidemiology; Disease and infection control or eradication measures; The "One Health" concept and the relationships between veterinary medicine, human health, animal-production systems, and the environment; Development of new techniques in surveillance systems and diagnosis; Evaluation and control of diseases in animal populations.
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