A study on correlation between method of preparation, surface properties, and medicinal properties of traditional drug: Praval Bhasma

Background: The development of standard protocol to improve the efficiency of a metal-based ayurvedic drug (Bhasma) requires understanding on the scientific basis and correlation between the preparation method and surface properties of the drug. Objective: With an objective to investigate the change in physico-chemical properties of a bhasma associated with preparation method, an extensive study was conducted on the synthesis and material characterization of ayurvedic drug Praval bhasma. Materials and Methods: Calcium-based ayurvedic traditional drug Praval bhasma was synthesized using red coral calyx which is a natural rich source of calcium. The surface properties and chemical aspects of the synthesised drug were studied using different characterization techniques. Results: The change in chemical composition due to the presence of phytoconstituents was evident from Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The addition of Calotropis gigantea latex plays a major role in maintaining pH which further reduces the toxicity of metals. The addition of lime juice converts insoluble calcium salt to soluble salt. The results of characterization studies confirmed the reduction in particle size and increase in surface area of the drug which enhances the rate of absorption of calcium. The current study will provide useful insights to tune the physicochemical properties of drugs that are capable to develop a standard protocol which further helps to enhance the efficiency of the drug.