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Herbal emulgel containing Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Nigella Sativa L. (Black Cumin) oils in wound management: Preclinical investigations 含有印度楝树油(Azadirachta indica)和黑小茴香油(Nigella Sativa L. (Black Cumin) oils)的草药凝胶在伤口管理中的应用:临床前研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_109_21
Asha Thomas, Madhura Dapkekar, D. Nagore, Rohit Doke, Nilam Bankar, Namita S. Surve
Context: In wound management, traditional use of plants has received attention by the scientific community, as traditional medicines are a valuable source of affordable, comprehensive medical care. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) and Nigella sativa Linn (Black cumin) are well-known versatile medicinal plants with wide spectrum of biological activity. Methods: This study was undertaken to evaluate the wound healing activity of neem oil (NO) and black cumin oil (BCO) in rats. The oils were standardized using standard procedures. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis and high-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting of oils were carried out to identify major phytoconstituents present in the oils. The oils were suitably incorporated in carbopol-based emulgel formulation, evaluated for physicochemical parameters and stability. Results: The wound healing potential assessed by the measurement of wound contraction and histopathology studies in excision and burn wound models, demonstrated comparable efficacy with standard nano-crystalline silver gel (0.002% w/w). This may be attributed to the presence of phytoconstituents such as nimbidin and thymoquinone present in selected oils. Polyunsaturated fatty acid profile of BCO may be responsible for stimulating the release of vascular endothelial growth factor, which plays a significant role in accelerating wound healing process. Conclusion: Topical carbopol-934 base emulgel containing natural oils such as BCO and NO have been successfully prepared for wound management. However, further studies to establish the mechanistic aspects of wound healing needs to be undertaken.
背景:在伤口处理方面,传统植物的使用受到科学界的关注,因为传统药物是负担得起的综合医疗保健的宝贵来源。Azadirachta indica A. Juss(印度楝树)和 Nigella sativa Linn(黑小茴香)是著名的多用途药用植物,具有广泛的生物活性。研究方法本研究旨在评估印楝油(NO)和黑孜然油(BCO)对大鼠伤口愈合的活性。采用标准程序对这两种油进行了标准化处理。对油进行了气相色谱质谱分析和高性能薄层色谱指纹图谱分析,以确定油中的主要植物成分。将这些精油适当地加入到以 carbopol 为基础的凝胶配方中,并对其理化参数和稳定性进行了评估。结果:通过对割伤和烧伤模型进行伤口收缩测量和组织病理学研究,对伤口愈合潜力进行了评估,结果表明其疗效与标准纳米结晶银凝胶(0.002% w/w)相当。这可能归功于所选油中含有的植物成分,如 nimbidin 和 thymoquinone。BCO 中的多不饱和脂肪酸成分可能会刺激血管内皮生长因子的释放,而血管内皮生长因子在加速伤口愈合过程中发挥着重要作用。结论含有BCO和NO等天然油脂的外用carbopol-934基质凝胶已成功制备用于伤口管理。不过,还需要进一步研究伤口愈合的机理。
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引用次数: 1
Quantitative estimation of secondary metabolites of shadanga paniya classical ayurvedic formulation and constituent herbs Shadanga paniya 经典阿育吠陀配方和成分草药次生代谢物的定量评估
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_30_22
Rajni Sharma, Preeti Chanalia, Aditi Sharma, Manish Kumar, Baldev Kumar
Background: In the present scenario, ayurvedic drugs and their formulations need standardization to understand their pharmacokinetics and to prevent any safety issues. Shadanga Paniya (SP) is a classical ayurvedic formulation composed of six herbs and most of the constituent herbs have been shown the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and total phenolic contents (TPC). Materials and Methods: Preliminary qualitative estimations of alkaloids, flavonoids, and TPC in SP formulation and its constituent herbs were done using Dragendroff's method, sodium hydroxide solution, and ferric chloride solution. The quantitative estimations were done using bromocresol green, aluminum chloride colorimetric method, and Folin–Ciocalteu's phenol reagent method. Statistical Analysis Used: All the qualitative and quantitative analyses were replicated in three independent assays, and the results were reported as a mean ± standard deviation. Results and Conclusion: The results revealed that constituent herbs of SP formulation have the presence of flavonoids and total phenolic acid, whereas alkaloid was only found in Vetiveria zizanioides herb. The quantitative estimation of alkaloids, total flavonoids, and total phenolic acid contents of SP formulation was found as 86.105 ± 6.4 mgAE/g, 87.8 ± 4.0 mgRE/g, and 105.8 ± 3.8 mgGAE/g, respectively. This is the first report on the phytochemical estimation of SP formulation.
背景:在当前形势下,阿育吠陀药物及其配方需要标准化,以了解其药代动力学并防止出现任何安全问题。Shadanga Paniya(SP)是一种经典的阿育吠陀配方,由六种草药组成,其中大部分草药都含有生物碱、黄酮类化合物和总酚含量(TPC)。材料和方法:使用 Dragendroff 法、氢氧化钠溶液和氯化铁溶液对 SP 配方及其组成药材中的生物碱、黄酮类化合物和总酚类化合物进行了初步定性评估。定量分析采用溴甲酚绿法、氯化铝比色法和 Folin-Ciocalteu 酚试剂法。统计分析:所有定性和定量分析均在三个独立试验中重复进行,结果以平均值 ± 标准偏差表示。结果与结论结果表明,SP 配方中的草药成分含有黄酮类化合物和总酚酸,而生物碱仅存在于 Vetiveria zizanioides 草药中。生物碱、总黄酮和总酚酸在 SP 配方中的定量估计值分别为 86.105 ± 6.4 mgAE/g、87.8 ± 4.0 mgRE/g 和 105.8 ± 3.8 mgGAE/g。这是有关 SP 配方植物化学成分估算的首次报告。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial note – Resurgent Ayurveda and resurging research on Ayurveda 编者按--复苏的阿育吠陀和复苏的阿育吠陀研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_3_24
S. Eranezhath
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引用次数: 0
Role of Ayurveda in the management of becker muscular dystrophy: A case study 阿育吠陀在治疗贝克肌肉萎缩症中的作用:病例研究
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_49_21
Mohita Bohra
Muscular dystrophies are a group of genetic disorders that lead to a gradual weakening of muscles, resulting in increased disability over time. Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is one such condition and is inherited through an X-linked recessive pattern, primarily affecting males. Symptoms of BMD typically begin in the teenage years or late twenties. Initial signs may include muscle cramps during exercise and reduced stamina. Over time, there is a gradual loss of muscle bulk in the hips, pelvis, thighs, and shoulders, often leading to a tendency to walk on toes. In Ayurveda, the factors contributing to this disease are believed to be an aggravation of Vata (one of the three doshas), depletion of Mamsa (muscle tissue), and Meda (fat tissue), impaired digestive fire, and blockage of functional channels (Srotorodha). The present case involved a 15-year-old male with weakness in both lower limbs for 4 years, a decrease in muscle mass around the pelvic and thigh area for 3 years, and an increase in calf muscle size for 3 years. The patient exhibited pseudohypertrophy in both calf muscles and positive Gower's sign, along with a positive family history and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels, leading to a diagnosis of BMD. The treatment approach incorporated Panchakarma therapies and internal Ayurvedic formulations in line with the management of Sarvang Vata disorder. The treatment was administered in four sessions, with a 3-month gap between each therapy session. After a year of treatment, there was not only a halt in the progression of the disease but also a notable improvement in lower limb strength, which increased from 4 to 4+. In addition, there was an increase in proximal muscle mass, from 12.5 inches to 13 inches, and a reduction in calf muscle size and tightness. This promising outcome suggests the potential for managing the disease using Ayurvedic principles and therapies.
肌肉萎缩症是一组遗传性疾病,会导致肌肉逐渐变弱,随着时间的推移,残疾程度会增加。贝克尔肌肉营养不良症(BMD)就是这样一种疾病,它是通过 X 连锁隐性模式遗传的,主要影响男性。贝克尔肌肉萎缩症的症状通常在十几岁或二十几岁时开始出现。最初的症状可能包括运动时肌肉痉挛和耐力下降。随着时间的推移,臀部、骨盆、大腿和肩部的肌肉会逐渐松弛,通常会导致用脚趾走路的倾向。阿育吠陀认为,导致这种疾病的因素是瓦塔(三体之一)的加重、Mamsa(肌肉组织)和 Meda(脂肪组织)的消耗、消化系统火力受损以及功能性通道(Srotorodha)的堵塞。本病例中的患者是一名 15 岁的男性,双下肢无力已有 4 年,骨盆和大腿周围的肌肉量减少已有 3 年,小腿肌肉体积增大已有 3 年。患者双小腿肌肉呈假性肥大,高尔氏征阳性,家族史阳性,肌酸磷酸激酶水平升高,因此诊断为 BMD。治疗方法结合了潘查卡玛疗法和阿育吠陀内服配方,以治疗 Sarvang Vata 失调症。治疗分四个疗程进行,每个疗程之间间隔 3 个月。经过一年的治疗,患者的病情不仅停止了发展,而且下肢力量也有了明显改善,从 4 增强到了 4+。此外,近端肌肉质量也有所增加,从 12.5 英寸增加到 13 英寸,小腿肌肉体积和紧绷感也有所减轻。这一令人鼓舞的结果表明,利用阿育吠陀原则和疗法来控制疾病是有潜力的。
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引用次数: 0
Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa: A treatise on technical terminologies of Bhaishajya Kalpana (Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics) Vaidyaka Paribhasha Pradipa:Bhaishajya Kalpana(阿育吠陀制药学)技术术语论著
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_215_20
Rohit Sharma, K. Harichandana, K. R. Reddy
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引用次数: 0
A proposal for “Ayurveda and informatics” as a modular course in BTech engineering program 关于将 "阿育吠陀与信息学 "作为理工科工程学专业模块课程的建议
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_86_22
Jhinuk Chatterjee
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引用次数: 0
A study on correlation between method of preparation, surface properties, and medicinal properties of traditional drug: Praval Bhasma 传统药物的制备方法、表面特性和药用特性之间的相关性研究:Praval Bhasma
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_107_22
Jyothi Menon, A. Vijayasankar, B. Karalam, S. Balasubramani
Background: The development of standard protocol to improve the efficiency of a metal-based ayurvedic drug (Bhasma) requires understanding on the scientific basis and correlation between the preparation method and surface properties of the drug. Objective: With an objective to investigate the change in physico-chemical properties of a bhasma associated with preparation method, an extensive study was conducted on the synthesis and material characterization of ayurvedic drug Praval bhasma. Materials and Methods: Calcium-based ayurvedic traditional drug Praval bhasma was synthesized using red coral calyx which is a natural rich source of calcium. The surface properties and chemical aspects of the synthesised drug were studied using different characterization techniques. Results: The change in chemical composition due to the presence of phytoconstituents was evident from Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The addition of Calotropis gigantea latex plays a major role in maintaining pH which further reduces the toxicity of metals. The addition of lime juice converts insoluble calcium salt to soluble salt. The results of characterization studies confirmed the reduction in particle size and increase in surface area of the drug which enhances the rate of absorption of calcium. The current study will provide useful insights to tune the physicochemical properties of drugs that are capable to develop a standard protocol which further helps to enhance the efficiency of the drug.
背景:要制定提高金属基印度草药(Bhasma)效率的标准方案,就必须了解制备方法与药物表面特性之间的科学依据和相互关系。目标:为了研究与制备方法相关的巴司马物理化学性质的变化,我们对阿育吠陀药物 Praval 巴司马的合成和材料表征进行了广泛的研究。材料和方法:钙基阿育吠陀传统药物 Praval bhasma 是用红珊瑚萼合成的,红珊瑚萼是天然的丰富钙源。使用不同的表征技术对合成药物的表面特性和化学方面进行了研究。研究结果:傅立叶变换红外光谱分析显示,由于植物成分的存在,化学成分发生了明显变化。石菖蒲胶乳在维持 pH 值方面发挥了重要作用,从而进一步降低了金属的毒性。石灰汁的加入可将不溶性钙盐转化为可溶性盐。表征研究结果证实,药物的粒径减小,表面积增大,从而提高了钙的吸收率。目前的研究将为调整药物的理化性质提供有用的见解,从而能够制定标准方案,进一步帮助提高药物的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Successful management of guillain-barre syndrome management through Ayurveda: A case report 通过阿育吠陀成功治疗格林巴利综合征:病例报告
Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_90_21
B. Tubaki, Teja D Naik
Outcome of Ayurveda management in Guillain–Barre syndrome (GBS) is studied. A 43-year-old female patient diagnosed with GBS for 10 days approached our hospital. History revealed that the patient was immediately managed in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital for 9 days and was intervened with antibiotics, glucocorticoids, and intravenous immunoglobulins, but the patient's attenders were not satisfied with the clinical improvements. The patient has a sensory deficit in the whole body below the neck level, loss of power in all extremities, and hypotonia with loss of deep tendon reflexes in all limbs and was diagnosed as Sarvāṅga vāta. Treatment was with panchakarma procedures such as Sarvāṅga alēpa (medicated paste applied to the whole body), Pariṣēka (medicated liquid poured over the whole body), abhyaṅga (therapeutic whole-body massage), Ṣaṣṭika śālī piṇḍa svēda (sudation massage using bolus of boiled rice with balā mūla decoction and milk), Nirūha basti (type of enema therapy), Anuvāsana basti (enema therapy), Grīvā Basti (oil pooling at cervical region of spine), Śirōtalam (medicated paste applied over the scalp), and oral medications. Usually, clinical worsening is observed in the first 2 weeks and then reaches a plateau and recovery might begin. The patient got total relief from the symptoms on the 80th day of the treatment. The patient was observed for the next 175 days. Assessments through the Barthel index, modified Rankin Scale, NIH Stroke Scale, and nerve conduction study showed complete recovery. Ayurveda treatment was effective in total recovery of GBS.
研究了阿育吠陀疗法对格林-巴利综合征(GBS)的治疗效果。本院接诊了一名被诊断患有格林-巴利综合征 10 天的 43 岁女性患者。病史显示,患者曾在一家三甲医院的重症监护室立即接受了 9 天的治疗,并接受了抗生素、糖皮质激素和静脉注射免疫球蛋白等干预措施,但患者的主治医生对临床改善情况并不满意。患者颈部以下全身感觉缺失,四肢无力,肌张力低下,四肢深腱反射消失,被诊断为 Sarvāṅga vāta。治疗方法是采用潘查卡玛疗法,如 Sarvāṅga alēpa(全身涂抹药膏)、Pariṣēka(全身涂抹药液)、abhyaṅga(治疗性全身按摩)、Ṣaṣṭika śālī piṇḍa svēda(用煮沸的大米掺入巴拉木拉煎液和牛奶进行熏蒸按摩)、Nirūha basti(灌肠疗法的一种)、Anuvāsana basti(灌肠疗法)、Grīvā Basti(在脊柱的颈椎部位涂油)、Śirōtalam(在头皮上涂抹药膏)和口服药物。通常情况下,临床症状会在头两周内恶化,然后趋于平稳,并可能开始恢复。患者在治疗的第 80 天症状完全缓解。在接下来的 175 天里,对患者进行了观察。通过巴特尔指数、改良朗肯量表、NIH 中风量表和神经传导研究进行的评估显示,患者已完全康复。阿育吠陀疗法对GBS的完全康复非常有效。
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引用次数: 0
Safety Evaluation of Vatari Guggulu through Acute and 90-day Repeated Dose Toxicity Study in Experimental Animals 通过对实验动物进行急性和 90 天重复剂量毒性研究,评估 Vatari Guggulu 的安全性
Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_131_22
S. Ala, Y. S. Sanjaya Kumar, S. Gaidhani, Singh Vandhana Suneel, V. Reddy, Shrirang B. Jamdagni, N. T. Selvam
Vatari Guggulu is an Ayurvedic Medicine used in the treatment of Vata disorders. It contains Vatari taila (Castor oil), Shuddha gandhaka (purified Sulphur), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.), Vibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica [Gaertn.] Roxb.), Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn) and guggul (Purified Commiphora mukul Hook). As per the Ayurvedic texts, it is widely used clinically in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, hip pain, sciatica, gout, joint pain, and burning sensation. However, there are no systematic toxicity studies were performed to scientifically evaluate the safety of Vatari Guggulu. The present study was designed to investigate the safety of Vatari Guggulu in acute and 90-days repeated dose oral toxicity as per Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines 423 and 408. During the acute toxicity, Vatari Guggulu was orally administered at a single limit dose of 2000 mg/kg. The mortality and clinical signs were observed for 14 days. Similarly, the 90-days repeated dose toxicity was studied by administering the Vatari Guggulu at a limit dose of 1000 mg/kg. In the acute toxicity, there were no signs of toxicity, and the LD50 was calculated as >2000 mg/kg. During the 90 days of repeated dose toxicity, the Vatari Guggulu at the dose of 1000 mg/kg did not show any signs of toxicity as compared to the control. The hematological, serum biochemical, and urine analysis profile of the Vatari Guggulu at the dose of 1000 mg/kg did not show any significant difference as compared to the control (P > 0.05). Further, the histopathological data of control and Vatari Guggulu-treated rats were found to be normal. It was concluded that the test drug Vatari Guggulu is found to be safe upto 2000 mg/kg 0in acute toxicity and 1000 mg/kg in 90-days repeated dose oral toxicity study. The NOAEL of Vatari Guggulu is established as 1000 mg/kg/day.
Vatari Guggulu 是一种阿育吠陀药,用于治疗瓦塔病。它含有 Vatari taila(蓖麻油)、Shuddha gandhaka(纯化硫磺)、Haritaki(Terminalia chebula Retz.)、Vibhitaki(Terminalia bellirica [Gaertn.] Roxb.)、Amla(Emblica officinalis Gaertn)和 guggul(纯化 Commiphora mukul Hook)。根据阿育吠陀经文,它在临床上被广泛用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、臀部疼痛、坐骨神经痛、痛风、关节疼痛和烧灼感。然而,目前还没有系统的毒性研究来科学评估 Vatari Guggulu 的安全性。 本研究旨在根据经济合作与发展组织指南 423 和 408,调查 Vatari Guggulu 在急性毒性和 90 天重复剂量口服毒性方面的安全性。 在急性毒性试验中,口服 Vatari Guggulu 的单次极限剂量为 2000 毫克/千克。连续 14 天观察死亡率和临床症状。同样,以 1000 毫克/千克的极限剂量对 Vatari Guggulu 进行了 90 天重复剂量毒性研究。 在急性毒性试验中,没有出现中毒症状,计算得出的半数致死剂量大于 2000 毫克/千克。在 90 天的重复剂量毒性试验中,与对照组相比,剂量为 1000 毫克/千克的 Vatari Guggulu 未显示出任何毒性迹象。与对照组相比,剂量为 1000 毫克/千克的 Vatari Guggulu 的血液、血清生化和尿液分析结果均无明显差异(P > 0.05)。此外,对照组和经 Vatari Guggulu 处理的大鼠的组织病理学数据均正常。 结论是,在急性毒性和 90 天重复剂量口服毒性研究中,测试药物 Vatari Guggulu 的安全剂量分别为 2000 毫克/千克和 1000 毫克/千克。Vatari Guggulu 的无观测不良效应水平为 1000 毫克/千克/天。
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引用次数: 0
Toxicological Studies and Antibacterial Efficacy of Sorghum bicolor Fermented Liquor Extracts of Bambusa tuldoides cv. ventricosa Leaf against Salmonella typhi 高粱双色发酵液提取物对伤寒沙门氏菌的毒理学研究和抗菌功效
Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.4103/asl.asl_6_19
Ruth Adefolakemi Oluwahenyinmi Gabriel Ajobiewe, Blessing O. Okotie, Mosope Blessing Gabriel, M. A. Fowora, Christian Mojisola Cyril Olutayo, Stephen Kayode S. Ojo
Bamboo leaf extracted with steep liquor from fermented cereal grains has been used as an ethnomedicine for the treatment of severe typhoid fever in Africa without the proper documentation of its efficacy and side effects. This study embarks on the evaluation of the toxicity and pharmacological safety profile of fermented Sorghum bicolor liquor extract of Bambusa tuldoides cv. ventricosa leaf as an ethnomedicine against Salmonella typhi infection. Reconstituted concentrates of various fermented extracts were used for the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. Acute toxicity assay comprised two phases. The bioassay constitutes a total of 25 albino mice randomly distributed into 5 test groups. Steep liquor from fermented S. bicolor seeds served as the extracting solvent for the leaf of B. tuldoides using Soxhlet apparatus. The determination of both the sensitivity test and MIC assay used different levels. Extracts were orally administered for acute toxicity and dosage determination studies. Extracts were administered at concentrations 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL per day for the bioassays. Application of one-way analysis of variance was used for the determination of the statistical significance of the variations at 0.05 and 0.01 levels. The average zones of inhibition were between 15.00 ± 2.34 and 20.00 ± 4.64 mm, and MIC was 12.5 mg/mL for the growth of S. typhi. The extract administered was found to be safe up to 5000 mg/kg body weight dosage. The agglutination result showed a concentration-dependent effectiveness of fermented liquor extract against S. typhi. Therefore, the bamboo leaf extract is efficient for the treatment of S. typhi infection.
在非洲,从发酵谷物中萃取的竹叶浸泡液一直被用作治疗严重伤寒的民族医药,但没有关于其疗效和副作用的适当记录。 本研究开始评估发酵高粱双色酒萃取物簕杜鹃叶(Bambusa tuldoides cv. ventricosa)的毒性和药理安全性。 各种发酵提取物的冲调浓缩物被用于最低抑菌浓度(MIC)检测。急性毒性试验包括两个阶段。生物测定由 25 只白化小鼠组成,随机分为 5 个试验组。 使用索氏提取器从发酵的 S. bicolor 种子中提取蒸馏液作为 B. tuldoides 叶子的提取溶剂。药敏试验和 MIC 检测均采用不同的浓度水平。口服提取物进行急性毒性和剂量测定研究。在生物测定中,每天给药的提取物浓度分别为 25、50 和 100 毫克/毫升。在 0.05 和 0.01 的水平上,采用单因素方差分析来确定差异的统计学意义。 对伤寒杆菌生长的平均抑制区介于 15.00 ± 2.34 mm 和 20.00 ± 4.64 mm 之间,MIC 为 12.5 mg/mL。提取物的安全剂量为 5000 毫克/千克体重。凝集结果表明,发酵酒提取物对伤寒杆菌的抑制作用与浓度有关。因此,竹叶提取物可有效治疗伤寒杆菌感染。
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