肾移植受者移植后护理面临的挑战:一项强调心理、社交和运动支持方面差距的定性研究。

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 NURSING Journal of renal care Pub Date : 2024-07-24 DOI:10.1111/jorc.12507
Jasmine De Beir, Stijn De Baets, Marieke Vandecruys, Marie Renier, Stefan De Smet, Amaryllis H Van Craenenbroeck, Wim Van Biesen, Evi V Nagler, Francis Verbeke, Patrick Calders, Karsten Vanden Wyngaert
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:与透析相比,肾移植能显著改善健康状况,但肾移植受者的生活质量和预期寿命仍落后于健康的同龄人。肾移植受者中普遍存在缺乏运动和体能差的问题,这影响了他们对生活的整体参与:探讨阻碍肾移植受者参与生活的挑战,揭示将康复融入日常生活的促进因素和障碍:设计:采用定性方法进行探索性研究:14 名特意挑选的肾移植受者:方法:在肾移植术后进行半结构化的个别访谈。访谈内容包括:慢性肾脏病患者的生活、移植前面临的挑战、移植后的恢复、参与各种活动(包括体育锻炼)的情况以及是否需要监督运动康复计划。对访谈进行了录音和逐字记录,并采用了归纳式主题分析方法:在对 12 个访谈进行分析后,数据达到饱和,并揭示出两大主题:对生活参与的影响和对身心功能的影响。参与者表示需要全面的移植后护理,包括心理健康支持、家庭教育和重返工作岗位指导。他们还认为,根据个人喜好提供有组织的体能管理支持也很重要:这项研究强调,有必要在移植后护理中采用生物-心理-社会方法,以应对肾移植受者面临的多方面挑战。多学科方法、量身定制的支持、教育和个性化的锻炼计划对于提高他们的整体健康水平以及将康复融入日常生活至关重要,同时要考虑到身体和社会心理两个方面。
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Challenges in posttransplantation care for kidney transplant recipients: A qualitative study highlighting gaps in psychological, social and exercise support.

Background: Kidney transplantation offers meaningful health improvements compared to dialysis, yet the quality of life and life expectancy of kidney transplant recipients still lag behind those of their healthy peers. Physical inactivity and poor physical fitness are prevalent among kidney transplant recipients, affecting overall life participation.

Objectives: To explore challenges hindering life participation for kidney transplant recipients and reveal facilitators and barriers to integrating rehabilitation into their daily lives.

Design: An explorative study using a qualitative method.

Participants: Fourteen purposively selected kidney transplant recipients.

Approach: Semistructured, individual interviews were conducted posttransplantation. The following topics were covered: living with chronic kidney disease, pretransplantation challenges, posttransplantation recovery, engagement in various activities, including physical activity, and the need for supervised exercise rehabilitation programmes. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and an inductive thematic analysis approach was used.

Findings: Data saturation occurred after analysing 12 interviews, revealing two main themes: the impact on life participation and the impact on physical and mental functioning. Participants expressed the need for comprehensive posttransplant care, including mental health support, family education and guidance on returning to work. Structured support in managing physical fitness, tailored to individual preferences, was also recognised as important.

Conclusions: The study underscores the necessity for a biopsychosocial approach to posttransplant care that addresses the multifaceted challenges faced by kidney transplant recipients. A multidisciplinary approach, tailored support, education and individualised exercise programmes are crucial for enhancing their overall well-being and integrating rehabilitation into their daily lives, considering both physical and psychosocial aspects.

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来源期刊
Journal of renal care
Journal of renal care Nursing-Advanced and Specialized Nursing
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.30%
发文量
36
期刊介绍: The Journal of Renal Care (JORC), formally EDTNA/ERCA Journal, is the official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Nursing Association/European Renal Care Association (EDTNA/ERCA). The Journal of Renal Care is an international peer-reviewed journal for the multi-professional health care team caring for people with kidney disease and those who research this specialised area of health care. Kidney disease is a chronic illness with four basic treatments: haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis conservative management and transplantation, which includes emptive transplantation, living donor & cadavaric transplantation. The continuous world-wide increase of people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) means that research and shared knowledge into the causes and treatment is vital to delay the progression of CKD and to improve treatments and the care given. The Journal of Renal Care is an important journal for all health-care professionals working in this and associated conditions, such as diabetes and cardio-vascular disease amongst others. It covers the trajectory of the disease from the first diagnosis to palliative care and includes acute renal injury. The Journal of Renal Care accepts that kidney disease affects not only the patients but also their families and significant others and provides a forum for both the psycho-social and physiological aspects of the disease.
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