对动物的社会认知:对动物的优先注意定向与自闭症特征有关。

IF 2.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2024.105900
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引用次数: 0

摘要

生物线索在注意过程中享有优先权,因为它们承载着与生存相关的信息,并预示着社会互动。这种注意效应是否以及以何种方式与社会认知的更多方面相关联,在很大程度上仍未得到探讨。在这里,我们研究了对动物的注意偏好是否会随着观察者的自闭症特征而变化--自闭症特征是与一个人的社会认知能力相关的普通人群中的一个指标。通过使用点探测范式,我们发现在自闭症谱系商数(AQ)衡量的自闭症特质相对较低而非较高的观察者中,动物线索能迅速而持久地吸引他们对无生命线索的优先注意。此外,个体的自闭症谱系商数得分与对动物的注意偏向呈负相关,尤其是在早期定向阶段。这些结果并不仅仅是低级视觉因素造成的,因为倒置或相位乱码图片并没有产生类似的模式。我们的研究结果表明,一种自动且持久的注意偏向有利于快速检测和持续监控动物,并揭示了它与自闭症特征之间的联系,突出了动物感知在社会认知结构中的关键作用。
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Social perception of animacy: Preferential attentional orienting to animals links with autistic traits

Animate cues enjoy priority in attentional processes as they carry survival-relevant information and herald social interaction. Whether and in what way such an attention effect is associated with more general aspects of social cognition remains largely unexplored. Here we investigated whether the attentional preference for animals varies with observers' autistic traits — an indicator of autism-like characteristics in general populations related to one's social cognitive abilities. Using the dot-probe paradigm, we found that animal cues can rapidly and persistently recruit preferential attention over inanimate ones in observers with relatively low, but not high, autistic traits, as measured by Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Moreover, individual AQ scores were negatively correlated with the attentional bias toward animals, especially at the early orienting stage. These results were not simply due to low-level visual factors, as inverted or phase-scrambled pictures did not yield a similar pattern. Our findings demonstrate an automatic and enduring attentional bias beneficial to both rapid detection and continuous monitoring of animals and reveal its link with autistic traits, highlighting the critical role of animacy perception in the architecture of social cognition.

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来源期刊
Cognition
Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
283
期刊介绍: Cognition is an international journal that publishes theoretical and experimental papers on the study of the mind. It covers a wide variety of subjects concerning all the different aspects of cognition, ranging from biological and experimental studies to formal analysis. Contributions from the fields of psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, computer science, mathematics, ethology and philosophy are welcome in this journal provided that they have some bearing on the functioning of the mind. In addition, the journal serves as a forum for discussion of social and political aspects of cognitive science.
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