质子交换膜(PEM)水电解槽可高效生产高纯度氢气。此外,由于其快速的动态响应能力,它们也是与可再生能源耦合的理想选择。然而,PEM 电解槽中反应环境的酸性会对许多材料造成腐蚀,这就限制了阳极(产生 O2 的地方)催化剂的选择,使其主要局限于基于铱的催化剂,而铱是一种稀有且昂贵的金属。例如,虽然钴基氧化物被认为具有接近铱的活性,但由于钴离子的溶解,其稳定性通常很差。现在,西班牙、法国和英国的 F. Pelayo García de Arquer 及其同事报告了一种无铱的分层钨酸钴催化剂,这种催化剂可在 80 °C 的 PEM 电解槽中以 1 A cm-2 的电流密度运行 608 小时。研究人员通过水热法合成 CoWO4,然后将其分散在 0.1 M KOH 中;由于 WO42- 阴离子的浸出,这种处理方法产生了具有大量空位的分层片状结构。研究小组发现,分层材料含有高密度的截留水和氢氧基团,与 Co3O4 相反,这使得钴离子的溶解在热力学上是不利的。这种耐久性反映在标准两室电化学电池测试和 PEM 电解槽运行中观察到的强大稳定性上。催化剂的活性也很显著,研究人员在 PEM 电解槽中记录到 2 V 时的电流密度为 1.8 A cm-2。
Nature EnergyEnergy-Energy Engineering and Power Technology
CiteScore
75.10
自引率
1.10%
发文量
193
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