作为一种组织特异性自身免疫疾病的 IgA 肾病的发病机制。

IF 4.8 4区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY International immunology Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI:10.1093/intimm/dxae047
Yoshihito Nihei, Daisuke Kitamura
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引用次数: 0

摘要

肾小球肾炎(GN)是一组异质性免疫介导的肾脏疾病,会引起肾小球内的炎症。自身抗体(auto-Abs)被认为是几种 GN 发病机制的核心效应因子。IgA 肾病(IgAN)是全球最常见的 GN,其特征是 IgA 在肾小球系膜沉积,被认为是由含有非特异性 IgA 的免疫复合物介导的。然而,我们最近报告说,在自发性 IgAN 模型 gddY 小鼠和 IgAN 患者的血清中发现了特异于系膜细胞的 IgA 自身抗体(抗系膜 IgA)。我们确定了两种自身抗原(β2-pectrin 和 CBX3),它们选择性地表达在间质细胞表面,并成为抗间质细胞 IgA 的靶标。我们的发现将 IgAN 重新定义为一种组织特异性自身免疫疾病。关于抗间质细胞 IgA 的产生机制,利用 gddY 小鼠进行的研究发现,口腔中的特定共生菌株可能通过对 CBX3 的分子模拟而诱导抗 CBX3 IgA 的产生。在此,我们从该病是由组织特异性自身抗体引起的自身免疫性 GN 的角度探讨了 IgAN 发病机制的新概念。
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Pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy as a tissue-specific autoimmune disease.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a group of heterogeneous immune-mediated kidney diseases that causes inflammation within the glomerulus. Autoantibodies (auto-Abs) are considered to be central effectors in the pathogenesis of several types of GN. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common GN worldwide and is characterized by deposition of IgA in the glomerular mesangium of the kidneys, which is thought to be mediated by immune complexes containing non-specific IgA. However, we recently reported that IgA auto-Abs specific to mesangial cells (anti-mesangium IgA) were found in the sera of gddY mice, a spontaneous IgAN model, and patients with IgAN. We identified two autoantigens (β2-spectrin and CBX3) that are selectively expressed on the mesangial cell surface and targeted by anti-mesangial IgA. Our findings redefined IgAN as a tissue-specific autoimmune disease. Regarding the mechanisms of production of anti-mesangium IgA, studies using gddY mice have revealed that production of anti-CBX3 IgA is induced by particular strains of commensal bacteria in the oral cavity, possibly through their molecular mimicry to CBX3. Here, we discuss a new concept of IgAN pathogenesis from the perspective of this disease as autoimmune GN caused by tissue-specific auto-Abs.

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来源期刊
International immunology
International immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
2.30%
发文量
51
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: International Immunology is an online only (from Jan 2018) journal that publishes basic research and clinical studies from all areas of immunology and includes research conducted in laboratories throughout the world.
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