Z. Acem, V. Dréan, G. Parent, A. Collin, A. Wilhelm, T. Beji, R. Mehaddi
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The corresponding Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and mean velocity ranged from 170 to 230 µm and from 5.6 m s<sup>−1</sup> to 22.4 m s<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Spray cooling was started after heating the plate between 500°C and 600°C using a radiant panel. Cooling rates were very high and the time to reach ambient temperature varied from 4 s to 1 min depending on the nozzle used. Heat Flux (<span>\\({\\dot{q}}^{{\\prime}{\\prime}}\\)</span>) and Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) were calculated from the temperature data. It was found that high levels of critical heat flux (CHF), around 9 MW m<sup>−2</sup>, were achieved for two of the three nozzles studied, including the one with the lowest flow rate of only 1.6 L min<sup>−1</sup>. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
在本研究中,使用三种不同的喷嘴对热钢板进行了喷雾冷却实验,以便为建模人员提供准确的实验数据。测量表面温度和分析喷雾特性都受到了特别关注。首先,使用 K 型热电偶丝测量表面温度,热电偶丝直接焊接在单独接触的板表面上。这种技术可以精确测量冷却过程中的表面温度。其次,还对每个喷嘴的喷雾特性进行了深入研究。研究发现,每个喷嘴的液滴大小和速度分布都遵循对数正态分布规律。相应的萨特平均直径(SMD)和平均速度范围分别为 170 至 230 µm 和 5.6 m s-1 至 22.4 m s-1。使用辐射板在 500°C 至 600°C 之间加热板材后开始喷雾冷却。冷却速率非常高,达到环境温度的时间从 4 秒到 1 分钟不等,取决于所使用的喷嘴。根据温度数据计算了热通量(\({\dot{q}}^{\prime}{prime}}\)和传热系数(HTC)。结果发现,在所研究的三个喷嘴中,有两个喷嘴的临界热通量(CHF)达到了很高的水平,约为 9 MW m-2,其中包括流速最低的一个喷嘴,仅为 1.6 L min-1。最后,本研究获得的结果可用于验证消防安全工程中常用的 FDS 和 FireFOAM 等数值代码。
In the present work, spray cooling experiments of a hot steel plate were carried out with three different nozzles in order to provide accurate experimental data for the modellers. Special attention was paid to for both the measurement of the surface temperatures and the characterization of the sprays. Firstly, the surface temperatures were measured using K-type thermocouple wires welded directly to the surface of the plate in a separate contact. This technique provides an accurate measurement of the surface temperature during the cooling. Secondly, the spray characteristics of each nozzle were also thoroughly investigated. It was found that the droplet size and velocity distributions of each nozzle followed a log-normal law. The corresponding Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and mean velocity ranged from 170 to 230 µm and from 5.6 m s−1 to 22.4 m s−1, respectively. Spray cooling was started after heating the plate between 500°C and 600°C using a radiant panel. Cooling rates were very high and the time to reach ambient temperature varied from 4 s to 1 min depending on the nozzle used. Heat Flux (\({\dot{q}}^{{\prime}{\prime}}\)) and Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) were calculated from the temperature data. It was found that high levels of critical heat flux (CHF), around 9 MW m−2, were achieved for two of the three nozzles studied, including the one with the lowest flow rate of only 1.6 L min−1. Finally, the results obtained in this study could be used to validate numerical codes such as FDS and FireFOAM, which are commonly used in fire safety engineering.
期刊介绍:
Fire Technology publishes original contributions, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to the solution of problems in fire safety science and engineering. It is the leading journal in the field, publishing applied research dealing with the full range of actual and potential fire hazards facing humans and the environment. It covers the entire domain of fire safety science and engineering problems relevant in industrial, operational, cultural, and environmental applications, including modeling, testing, detection, suppression, human behavior, wildfires, structures, and risk analysis.
The aim of Fire Technology is to push forward the frontiers of knowledge and technology by encouraging interdisciplinary communication of significant technical developments in fire protection and subjects of scientific interest to the fire protection community at large.
It is published in conjunction with the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) and the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE). The mission of NFPA is to help save lives and reduce loss with information, knowledge, and passion. The mission of SFPE is advancing the science and practice of fire protection engineering internationally.