Multi-stage strain-hardening behavior of dual-phase steels: A review

Regardless of the abundant studies that have been published on various characteristics of dual-phase (DP) steels, a comprehensive review paper on the strain-hardening behavior of such materials is still lacking. Therefore, the present study endeavors to summarize the existing results and findings regarding the strain-hardening phenomena during deformation in DP steels. The focus of this review article is on common methods used to investigate the strain-hardening characteristics of DP steels. Moreover, it encompasses a discussion on the microstructural characteristics and their correlation with strain-hardening behavior within these materials. Furthermore, this review aims to elucidate the limitations, bottlenecks, and scientific challenges to guide researchers to gain a deeper knowledge of the strain-hardening behavior of DP steels.