The Use of Telemedicine in an Interdisciplinary Pain Center in the Years 2020 and 2021 in Germany: Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: COVID-19 changed the management of patients with chronic pain. The increased utilization of telemedicine was recommended as a solution. Telemedicine provides medical services by overcoming the geographical distance between practitioner and patient and makes it possible to continue treating the patients with a high level of safety for patients and staff. The aim of our study is to investigate the data on the use of telemedicine in an interdisciplinary pain center in the years 2020 and 2021. Methods: Every patient contact in 2020 and 2021 with the interdisciplinary pain center was registered. Dataset consists of 4,156 patient contacts (N = 1,996 in the year 2020; N = 2,160 in the year 2021). For each patient contact, we collected data on age, sex, place of residence, and the reason or type of the contact. In addition, the incidence rates were used as a data source for the COVID-19 development. Results: In 2020, there was a significant decrease in face-to-face contacts (85.0% to 59.4%) and a significant increase in telemedicine use (especially video calls 0.6% to 20.0%). The use of telemedicine had a temporary peak at the beginning of 2021 (first quarter of 2021: 41.2%). The trend generally reversed during 2021: face-to-face contacts increased again (25.5% to 58.9%) and telemedicine decreased (mainly video calls 41.2% to 25.9%). Conclusion: The results show that telemedicine was successfully implemented in an interdisciplinary pain center during 2020 and 2021. In addition to the software requirements and the data protection, the aspect of digital literacy appears to be relevant. There seems to be a need for an implementation plan in pain centers that includes guidelines for the use of telemedicine.