治疗和预防一级和二级中风的饮食和营养保健品:重点是营养抗血小板和抗血栓药物

IF 4.4 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Neurochemistry international Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105823
Ramakrishna Kakarla , Lakshmi Anusha Vinjavarapu , Sairam Krishnamurthy
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引用次数: 0

摘要

缺血性中风是一种破坏性疾病,会导致发病率和死亡率。缺血性中风后营养不良在中风患者中很常见。在康复期间,由于营养不良,脑卒中患者的死亡率明显增加。蛋白质、维生素、鱼、鱼油、适量饮用葡萄酒或酒精、坚果、矿物质、草药产品、食品着色剂、海产品、纤维素、益生菌和地中海饮食等营养补充剂可改善中风患者的神经功能及其生活质量。血小板及其介质会导致血栓形成,从而引发中风。缺血性中风患者需要接受溶栓药物、抗血小板药物和抗血栓药物治疗。一些系统综述、荟萃分析和临床试验建议,摄入这些营养素和饮食可减轻与缺血性中风相关的血管、外周和中枢并发症(图 2)。特别是,这些营养保健品可减轻血小板的粘附、活化和聚集,从而降低原发性和继发性中风的风险。虽然这些营养保健品能缓解血小板功能障碍,但如果过量食用,出血的风险也会增加。此外,在重症监护室和康复期间,必须对营养不良进行评估,并为中风患者提供充足的营养。在本综述中,我们总结了饮食和营养保健品在改善神经系统并发症和血小板功能障碍方面的重要性,重点是缺血性脑卒中的一级和二级预防。
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Diet and Nutraceuticals for treatment and prevention of primary and secondary stroke: Emphasis on nutritional antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents

Ischemic stroke is a devastating disease that causes morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition following ischemic stroke is common in stroke patients. During the rehabilitation, the death rates of stroke patients are significantly increased due to malnutrition. Nutritional supplements such as protein, vitamins, fish, fish oils, moderate wine or alcohol consumption, nuts, minerals, herbal products, food colorants, marine products, fiber, probiotics and Mediterranean diets have improved neurological functions in stroke patients as well as their quality of life. Platelets and their mediators contribute to the development of clots leading to stroke. Ischemic stroke patients are treated with thrombolytics, antiplatelets, and antithrombotic agents. Several systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical trials recommended that consumption of these nutrients and diets mitigated the vascular, peripheral, and central complications associated with ischemic stroke (Fig. 2). Particularly, these nutraceuticals mitigated the platelet adhesion, activation, and aggregation that intended to reduce the risks of primary and secondary stroke. Although these nutraceuticals mitigate platelet dysfunction, there is a greater risk of bleeding if consumed excessively. Moreover, malnutrition must be evaluated and adequate amounts of nutrients must be provided to stroke patients during intensive care units and rehabilitation periods. In this review, we have summarized the importance of diet and nutraceuticals in ameliorating neurological complications and platelet dysfunction with an emphasis on primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.

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来源期刊
Neurochemistry international
Neurochemistry international 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
2.40%
发文量
128
审稿时长
37 days
期刊介绍: Neurochemistry International is devoted to the rapid publication of outstanding original articles and timely reviews in neurochemistry. Manuscripts on a broad range of topics will be considered, including molecular and cellular neurochemistry, neuropharmacology and genetic aspects of CNS function, neuroimmunology, metabolism as well as the neurochemistry of neurological and psychiatric disorders of the CNS.
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