Recent advancements in flow control using plasma actuators and plasma vortex generators

Flow-control techniques have attracted significant attention in many scientific areas due to their ability to improve the effectiveness and regulate the flow of aerodynamic devices. This study explores the latest developments in flow-control techniques, specifically concentrating on the cutting-edge technologies of plasma vortex generators (PVGs) and actuators. By taking advantage of the ionization of gases or air, plasma actuators have become a viable method for modifying an object's aerodynamic properties without needing physical moving parts. These actuators create localized plasma discharges that interact with the surrounding flow to provide accurate separation control, boundary-layer dynamics, and aerodynamic forces on aircraft wings, wind turbine blades, and other surfaces. PVG, which produce controlled vortical structures, offer a novel way to manipulate airflow with plasma actuators. These generators create swirling motions through plasma discharges that can be used in various technical applications, such as automotive, marine, and aviation, to modify boundary layers, reduce drag, and improve lift characteristics. This study offers an overview of recent work, focusing on the theoretical underpinnings, experimental validations, and practical applications of plasma-based flow-control technologies. Advances in plasma-generating techniques, computational modeling approaches, and experimental configurations to optimize and comprehend the intricate fluid–structure interactions are covered in the debate. Moreover, the study delves into incorporating plasma-based flow management into cars, renewable energy systems, and next-generation aerospace designs, highlighting the possibility of increased agility, decreased emissions, and efficiency. It also discusses the difficulties and potential paths for developing these technologies further for use in business and industry, highlighting the necessity of dependable, scalable, and durable solutions. Finally, this study summarizes the most recent advancements in vortex generators and plasma actuators for flow control. It demonstrates how they have the power to revolutionize fluid dynamics and aerodynamics in a variety of engineering fields.