使用生物质制造硬质聚氨酯泡沫的当前趋势:综述

IF 3 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Journal of Composites Science Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.3390/jcs8080286
D. Dukarska, R. Mirski
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讨论了将来自农业、林业、食品和水产养殖业的生物质用作生物多元醇的潜在原料和硬质聚氨酯 (RPUR) 泡沫生产中的填充物的方法。讨论了获得生物多元醇的各个方面,以及用生物多元醇替代石化多元醇对泡沫特性的影响。特别关注植物油和木质素的转化。研究的另一个重要方面是将生物质用作泡沫填料。对化学和物理改性进行了讨论,并确定了影响发泡过程、微观结构和 RPUR 泡沫性能的重要因素,如生物质的类型和来源、粒度和数量。介绍了在泡沫生产中使用生物质的优缺点。研究发现,生物多元醇可以替代(至少部分替代)石化多元醇,同时保持泡沫的高绝缘性和强度。在使用生物质作为填料的情况下,发现其特性的形成在很大程度上取决于填料颗粒的具体特性。这需要进一步研究优化工艺,但可以对 RPUR 泡沫的特性进行微调,以满足特定要求。
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Current Trends in the Use of Biomass in the Manufacture of Rigid Polyurethane Foams: A Review
This paper discusses methods of using biomass from the agriculture, forestry, food and aquaculture industries as potential raw materials for bio-polyols and as fillers in the production of rigid polyurethane (RPUR) foams. Various aspects of obtaining bio-polyols are discussed, as well as the impact of replacing petrochemical polyols with bio-polyols on the properties of foams. Special attention is paid to the conversion of vegetable oils and lignin. Another important aspect of the research is the use of biomass as foam fillers. Chemical and physical modifications are discussed, and important factors, such as the type and origin of biomass, particle size and amount, affecting the foaming process, microstructure and properties of RPUR foams are identified. The advantages and disadvantages of using biomass in foam production are described. It is found that bio-polyols can replace (at least partially) petrochemical polyols while maintaining the high insulation and strength of foams. In the case of the use of biomass as fillers, it is found that the shaping of their properties is largely dependent on the specific characteristics of the filler particles. This requires further research into process optimization but allows for the fine-tuning of RPUR foam properties to meet specific requirements.
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来源期刊
Journal of Composites Science
Journal of Composites Science MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES-
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
328
审稿时长
11 weeks
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