Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Triclosan and Methylene Blue by Synthesized Ag-Loaded ZnO under UV Light

Industrial discharge of hazardous organic and synthetic chemicals, such as antibacterials and dyes, poses severe risks to human health and the environment. This study was conducted to address the urgent need for efficient and stable zinc-oxide-based photocatalysts to degrade such pollutants. A novel approach to synthesizing silver-loaded zinc oxide (Ag@Z) catalysts was introduced by using a simple and efficient combination of hydrothermal and precipitation methods. Comprehensive characterization of Ag@Z photocatalysts was performed using XRD, XPS, Raman, UV–vis adsorption, FTIR, and SEM, revealing an enhancement of structural, optical, and morphological properties in comparison to pure zinc oxide. Notably, the 5%Ag@Z catalyst exhibited the highest degradation efficiency among the other synthesized catalysts under UV-C light irradiation, and enhanced the degradation rate of pure zinc oxide (Z) by 1.14 and 1.64 times, for Triclosan (TCS) and Methylene Blue (MB), respectively. the effect of catalyst dose and initial concentration was studied. A mechanism of degradation was proposed after investigating the effect of major reactive species. The 5%Ag@Z catalyst increased the photostability, which is a major problem of zinc oxide due to photocorrosion after reusability. We found that 50% and 74% of energy consumption for the photocatalytic degradation of TCS and MB by 5%Ag@Z, respectively, was saved in compassion with zinc oxide. The remarkable photocatalytic performance and the good recovery rate of Ag@Z photocatalysts demonstrate their high potential for photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water.