Review on Alzheimer’s disease

The treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial for individuals with the condition. Cholinesterase inhibitors (CIs) and memantine, used for cognitive symptoms, may have some effect on BPSD, but additional drugs may be needed as BPSD worsens. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine, sertraline, and others are effective antidepressants for comorbid depression in AD. Limited evidence supports their use for treating depression, agitation, and psychosis in AD, but recent trials showed no benefit and increased risks. Non-pharmacological interventions such as psycho social approaches and alternative therapies are important. A comprehensive approach combining medication and non-pharmacological interventions, along with close monitoring, is essential for managing BPSD and improving quality of life for individuals with AD and their caregivers.