Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Three Biomaterials as Apical Barrier in Experimental Apexification Model

Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal adaptation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, and EndoSequence as apical plug materials after orthograde placement in an experimental apexification model using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Material and Methods: The study was conducted with sixty single-rooted mature mandibular premolar teeth. These teeth were prepared as 12 mm root lengths, and apical regions of teeth were enlarged by using peeso reamers to give the open apex form likely with the immature teeth as an experimental apexification model. ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, and EndoSequence used as apical plug materials were placed into the apical region of samples with a thickness of 4 mm. After filling the remaining root canal with gutta-percha, each sample was divided into three transverse sections by using a hard tissue microtome to evaluate marginal adaptation between dentine walls and apical plug material using a confocal laser scanning microscopy. Then, gap areas of all microscope images were measured with Image J program. Results: MTA showed the highest marginal adaptation, followed by EndoSequence and Biodentine. Biodentine was significantly inferior to the other materials in marginal adaptation (p0.01). Conclusion: MTA and EndoSequence exhibited superior marginal adaptation as apical plugs compared to Biodentine. Biodentine had the poorest adaptation among the three materials.